Varieties of Apples 427 



Russian apples and was introduced into this country from 

 England by the Massachusetts Horticultural Society about 

 .1835. The extreme hardiness of this variety proved its 

 worth and was responsible for the introduction of other 

 Eussian sorts. It is superior in hardiness to the Baldwin, 

 Rhode Island Greening and Northern Spy. 



The tree is easily grown, requires little pruning and is 

 an early and heavy bearer. The variety is widely known 

 throughout the North and East, and particularly in the 

 region bordering the Great Lakes. It is in Wisconsin, 

 Michigan and New York that it assumes greatest com- 

 mercial importance. Oldenburg is produced in carload 

 lots in these states and particularly along the Ontario Lake 

 shore in western New York where there are many plant- 

 ings of commercial importance. 



The fruit is medium to large and is uniform in shape 

 and size, with firm, crisp, juicy flesh. It hangs on the 

 tree well. When properly grown and handled, it stands 

 shipment well. The fruit brings good prices and is unsur- 

 passed for its culinary qualities. It is one of the most 

 valuable early apples for commercial purposes. 



Wealthy. 



Wealthy originated as a seedling at Excelsior, Minne- 

 sota, from seed of the Cherry Crab obtained from Maine 

 about 1860. It is one of the most important of the hardier 

 varieties adapted to the cold climates of the northernmost 

 states. It has wide distribution, particularly in northern 

 Illinois, northern Iowa, Wisconsin, and Michigan, being 

 one of the 'leading, if not the leading, variety of these 

 regions. In New York and Maine, it is grown in consid- 

 erable commercial quantities but in these states it is of 



