474 



That was the opinion of the anthropologist Walter Goldschmidt in 

 his 1946 study done for the Bureau of Indian Affairs (p. 112). 

 Accordingly, his map of the Angoon Territory depicts Tenakee 

 Inlet as the territory of the Wuckitan People, which was separate 

 from any existing village. The area later attracted white 

 residents on account of its hot springs and the construction of a 

 cannery in 1916. Tenakee was patented as a Native townsite in 

 1923. The total population of Tenakee Springs in 1985 was 142. 

 There are 73 Alaska Natives enrolled under the provisions of 

 ANCSA at Tenakee Springs . 



The Wrangell area is a part of the traditional territory of 

 the Stikine Tlingit. Walter Goldschmidt described that territory 

 in his 1946 report as "a very large one." (p. 123) It extended 

 across the many islands in the Wrangell area into present British 

 Columbia. The Wrangell Cooperative Association is an entity 

 formed under the Indian Reorganization Act and recognized by the 

 U.S. Department of the Interior. The total population of Wrangell 

 in 1985 was 2,387. There are 370 Alaska Natives enrolled under 

 the provisions of ANCSA at Wrangell. 



The objective of the coalition is to acquire a land base for 

 each Alaska Native community under an amendment to ANCSA. 



These five communities of Alaska Natives did not receive 

 land under the provisions of ANCSA because of restrictive 

 entitlement provisions in ANCSA which controlled the eligibility 

 procedure. They were not listed villages under section 16 of 

 ANCSA, nor were they listed as urban corporations under section 

 14 (h) (3). Further, they could not qualify as Native groups 

 under section 14 (h) (2) because the definition of group m 

 section 3 (d) required that the group comprise a majority of the 

 residents of the locality, and each Native community is a 

 minority in the overall white community. 



The coalition believes that Congress should rectify the 

 inequity of village eligibility in ANCSA, and that it is not too 

 late to act in this case. The problem is peculiar to these Native 

 communities in Southeast Alaska, and should not prompt requests 

 for similar consideration from other Native communities in other 

 regions. The final Congressional action in this matter was 

 contrary to the position of the Alaska Federation of Natives, 

 which in section 11 (f) of S. 835 and H.R. 7211, 92d Congress. 

 1st Session (1971) included the communities of Haines, Ketchikan, 

 Petersburg, and Wrangell as listed villages. There is no specific 

 discussion in the legislative record on the deletion of these 

 villages from their listed status. but the committee reports 

 indicate the preference of some members of Congress to sacrifice 

 American Indian interests to National Forest interests. See 

 Senate Report No. 405, 92d Congress, 1st Session, page 160 

 discussion of Section 23, Tlingit-Haida Settlement: "The 

 Southeast region requires special treatment tor a number of 

 reasons. First, the Villages in this area are located in the 

 Chugach and Tongass National Forests and special treatment is 



