be used as an associated species to indicate harlequin habitat. 

 We found dippers on 28 of the 37 streams surveyed. There was no 

 consistent correlation between dipper observations and harlequin 

 observations or habitat quality. 



As we surveyed streams we examined bird droppings to try to 

 determine harlequin droppings from other species. From our 

 observations we feel that harlequin droppings contain rock chips, 

 sand, and chitinous insect remains. These droppings appeared 

 distinctive due to the rock chips, but perhaps could be mistaken 

 for a common merganser's (Mergus merganser ) or a hooded 

 merganser's ( Lophodytes cucullatus) . Further observations are 

 necessary to more completely describe harlequin droppings and to 

 differentiate them from other ducks droppings. 



We observed noticeably fewer ducks and smaller brood sizes 

 than in 1989. It is unclear if this reflects a downward 

 population trend, a normal fluctuation in the population, or is a 

 function of survey methods. 



We suspect that nest failures may have occurred on Grave 

 Creek on Fortine District, Swamp Creek on Cabinet District and 

 Trout Creek on Superior District. Above average rainfalls during 

 spring or fall flooding that altered habitat may be a 

 contributing factors. Additionally, a severe snow storm in June 

 may have impacted the Grave Creek site. 



Climatic conditions during 1990 differed from the recent 

 droughty years in that a higher than normal spring rain fall 

 occurred. Spring runoff occurred at what is considered a normal 



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