486 INTRODUCTION TO CRYPTOGAMIC BOTANY. 



amongst the localities from which I have seen specimens. It 

 has not been found in New Zealand. The habit is similar to 

 that of some Orthotricha. 



14. Orthotrichei, Br. & Sc, Mont. 



Sporangium equal, mostly striated ; peristome variable ; 

 calyptra mitriform, generally covered with erect hairs ; leaves 

 keeled, margins often involute ; cells punctiform, papillate. 



538. We have here, again, a large mass of species, of which, 

 though many belong to the northern hemisphere, there are a 

 great many tropical and southern species. The calyptra is, 

 for the most part, covered with straight hairs, and more or 

 less divided at the base ; but this character is not absolute, and 

 the peristome is so variable as to afford no characters on 

 which strict dependence can be laid. Macromitrium has a 

 narrow subulate caljrptra, which is not dilated previous to the 

 development of the sporangium ; it has no apophysis, and the 

 operculum is rostrate. The genus abounds in species, many of 

 which belong to the southern seas, while others occur in 

 Brazil, India, Abyssinia, and other hot countries. Schlo- 

 theimia has four appendages at the base of the calyptra, and 

 with the exception of 8. Brownii, and one Cape species, all 

 belong to the tropics. Orthotrichum proper, on the contrary, 

 may be considered as belonging pre-eminently to the northern 

 hemisphere. Glyphomitrium is allied to Gviinmia, but agrees 

 with the present tribe in its paired teeth, and large plicate 

 calyptra, with which'character FtychomitriuTYi, again, accords. 

 Leucophanes agrees in appearance with Leucobryum, and 

 is confined to the tropics. 



15. Zygodontei, Br. & Sc, Mont 



Sporangium striated, pyriform ; peristome 0, single or dou- 

 ble ; calyptra dimidiate, smooth ; habit that of Gyrano- 

 stomum. 



539. The species of this tribe have the habit of Gymno- 

 stomum, but they are related to Orthotrichei, differing mainly 

 in their smooth cuculliform calyptra. The operculum, too, is 

 longer and oblique ; the leaves, moreover, are never revolute. 

 Sometimes, as in Z. viridissimus, the plants are dioecious, 

 and the fruit, in consequence, of rare occurrence. The leaves 



