312 DISTRIBUTION AND ETIOLOGY OF THE CRAYFISHES. 



sternum is elevated into a transverse prominence, on the 

 posterior face of which there is a j)it or depression.* 



In both these characters, but more especially in the 

 former, the Amurland and Japanese Astaci dejjart from 

 both the Pontocaspian and the AVest American Astaci, 

 and approach the Cambari of Eastern North America. 



In these craj-fishes, in fact, one or both of the same 

 pairs of legs in the male are provided with similar 



Fig. 78. — Camhants (Guatemala) penultimate leg. c.rp, coxopodite ; 

 c,v.>t, coxopoditic sette ; pdh, podobranchia ; hj], basipodite ; ip, ischiopo- 

 dite ; mp, meropodite ; c}) carpopodite ; 2}p, propodite ; dj), dactylopodite. 



hook-like processes; while, in the females, the modifi- 

 cation of the i)enultimate thoracic sternum is carried 

 still further and gives rise to the curious structure de- 

 scribed by Dr. Hagen as the " annulus ventralis." 



In all the Cambari, the pleurobranchise appear to be 

 entirely suppressed, and the hindermost podobranchia has 

 no lamina ; while the areola is usually extremely narrow. 

 The proportional size of the areola in the Amurland 



* Kessler, 1. c. 



