24 GYNANDRIA— MONANDRIA. Aceras. 



P. Christi alia. Cord. Hist. 130. 2./. 



Satyrium basilicum mas. Fuchs. Hist. 712. f. Ic. 409./. 



S. foemina. Brunf. Herb. v. 1. 106./. 



Serapias minor, nitente flore. Ger. Em. 212. f. 



S. gariophyllata. Ger. Em. 223. f. 



Gymnadenia conopsea. Br. in Ait. H.Kew. ed. 2. v. 5. 191. Hook. 

 Scot. 251. 



In rather moist meadows and pastures, especially in hilly countries. 



Perennial. June. 



Root distinctly palmate, with many long and slender divisions. 

 Herb of a bright unspotted green, variable in luxuriance. Stem 

 generally about 18 inches high, leafy, hollow. Leaves lanceo- 

 late, often nearly linear, acute. Spike cylindrical, rather lax, 

 many-flowered. Bracteas ovate, taper-pointed, not much longer 

 than the germen. Fl. of a uniform crimson in every part, with- 

 out spots, smaller than most of the genus, exhaling a most pow- 

 erful and delicious odour, resembling that of a Clove Pink. They 

 are now and then found white. Lateral leaves of the calyx 

 widely spreading. Petals slightly converging along with the 

 upper calyx-leaf, and nearly the same size. Lip of the nectary 

 minutely downy, in three uniform, equal, entire, rather deep, 

 flat lobes j spur about twice as long as the germen, pointing 

 downwards, or occasionally curved upwards, cylindrical, acute, 

 very slender. Anther crimson. 



Caspar Bauhin, and other botanists of his time, have made seve- 

 ral truly futile species out of this. O. odoratissima of Linnaeus 

 is the only plant likely to be confounded with it ; but the leaves 

 of that are still narrower, and the blunt recurved spur is not 

 longer than \\\^ calyx. This is represented in Bauhin'sPro<:?r.30. 

 /. 2; but Rudbeck's 213./. 7, intended for it, is 0. conopsea. 



Mr. Brown has observed the glands which receive the pollen to be 

 naked, or destitute of the hood, or slight covering, proper to his 

 genus Orchis. On this character he founds his Gymnadenia, so 

 named from these naked glands. But the plant in question has 

 so strong a generic affinity to several which are furnished with 

 this hood, especially 0. pyramidalis, that it appears to me a 

 most striking confirmation of the important principle of Linnaeus, 

 genus dabitcliaracterem,non character genus. An eminent French 

 botanist it seems is pursuing these subdivisions still further ; 

 so that, as Dr. Hooker has observed to me, we may soon have 

 nearly as many genera in Orchidea as there are species. 



412. ACERAS. Man-orchis. 



Brown in Ait. H. Kew. ed. 2. v. 5. 191. Comp.ed. 3. 128. ed. 4. 141. 



Prodr. Fl. GrcEC.v.2.2\5. 

 Ophrys. Lam. t. 727. f. 2. 



Cal. superior, of 3 ovate, concave, equal, closely conver- 



