BY JAMES R. m'cLYMONT, M.A. 51 



priuted on the Admiralty Charts for the purpose of directing 

 masters of ships where they are to look out for shoals, 

 eddies, or other dangers. Thus we find terre ennegada, 

 or anegada, — sunken shoal — and baixa, — shoal. This intro- 

 duction of Portuguese nautical expressions is an indica- 

 tion of the superior skill of the Portuguese pilots of the 

 time, which has left traces in the adoption of their language 

 by foreigners, — as in the word abrollios, breakers, — just 

 as in our own day English nautical terms have been adopted 

 in continental navies. But we know that the intercourse 

 between Portuguese and French, as well as Spanish and 

 French sailors, was from the fourteenth century onwards a 

 peculiarly intimate one. Commercial privileges with French 

 ports were accorded to both these nations. (Margry, p. 123 

 note.) On the other hand the vessels of Honfleur merchants 

 had access to the port of Lisbon, and in 1503 three of these 

 merchants, De Gonneville, Jean I'Anglois, and Pierre le 

 Carpentier, having seen at Lisbon the rareties that had lately 

 arrived from the East in the ships of Yasco da Gama and 

 Cabral, engaged the services of two Portuguese pilots who 

 had been to Calicut, Bastiam Moura and Diego Cohinto, in 

 order that they might despatch a ship of their own to the 

 same destination. The two Portuguese accompanied the ship 

 in its wanderings about the Atlantic ; and touched at several 

 points of the South American continent. Barros relates 

 that a vessel from Dieppe, commanded by a Portuguese 

 captain, Stevam Diaz, arrived at Diu in July 1527, and that 

 in the same year another French ship, piloted by another 

 Portuguese sailor, called " 0. Eozado " or " The Rosy," was 

 in the Indian seas and was ultimately lost on the west coast 

 of Sumatra. (Margry, p. 192.) Similai'ly, French sailors 

 sailed in Spanish and Portuguese vessels, and Navarrete 

 preserves the names of twelve French companions of 

 Magellan, the half of whom were Normans _^ or Bretons. 

 Viages, iv. 12. 



III. MISCONCEPTIONS ARISING FROM THE VOYAGE OF 

 MAGELLAN. 



A claim to the discovery of the Terra Australis has been 

 recorded on behalf of Magellan in an atlas by Fernando 

 Vaz Dourado, Goa, 1570, in which a coast lying to the east 

 of New Guinea, and trending east and west with a little 

 southing, bears the superscription "Esta costa descubrio 

 Pernao de Magalhaes natural! portuges por mandado do 

 emperador Carllos o anno 1520." This claim occurs also on 

 maps by Eumoldus Mercator (1587), Ortelius (1587), and 

 De Jode (1589), in the words, — placed on a northward 

 projection of the Terra Aiistralis immediately to the south 



