March 4, 1887.] 



SCIENCE. 



'201 



tions, this gave an estimated heLght of seven 

 miles. Probably steam from the boiling sea was 

 contributing to this cumulus. About six square 

 miles of glowing surface were then radiating heat, 

 all near the sea, the point of emission being only 

 seven miles back, and 3,500 feet up. I judged, 

 however, that the chief source of the vapor 

 was the one above named, — inflowing atmos- 

 pheric currents. That cumulus was naturally 

 blazing with incessant lightning, visible even 

 after sunrise at that immense distance. Some 

 brownish smoke could be distinguished around 



THE RIVIERA EARTHQUAKE. 

 The accompanying sketch-map shows the scene 

 of the late destructive earthquake. The centre of 

 the disturbance was in the Italian province of 

 Porto Maurizio and the adjoining French Departe- 

 ment des Alpes Maritimes. Two severe shocks in 

 quick succession occurred on Feb. 23 at 6 A.M. 

 They did a great deal of damage all along the 

 coast, and were felt far inland. The heaviest loss 

 of life and property was sustained in the district 

 of Oneglia, 570 persons being killed and 156 in- 

 jured. The villages of Diano-Marina, Diano-Cas- 



THE 



RIVIERA 



the lowest part of the snow-white pile of cumulus. 

 Previous to the actual outflow of 1868 an enor- 

 mous emission of smoke had taken place, which 

 densely shrouded Lahaina and the whole group 

 for many days, objects one mile distant being in- 

 visible to us when at the thickest, and a very dis- 

 tinct odor of sulphur being present. 



The present eruption was first announced to us 

 at Honolulu by the pervading smoke , continuing 

 from the 20th to the 30th of January . The smoke 

 is evidently first discharged into the upper cur- 

 rent, and transported far to the east-north-east 

 before settling down into the trade wind, which 

 brings it back upon us. S. E. Bishop. 



tello, and Bajardo were almost destroyed. In the 

 province of Genoa thirty-four persons were killed 

 and thirty-seven injured, and in the Departement 

 des Alpes Maritimes eleven persons were killed. 

 The following reports show the extent of the dis- 

 turbance : at Toulon two violent shocks were felt 

 at 6 A.M., the first shock of fifteen seconds duration, 

 the second of twelve seconds. The movements were 

 from west to east. At Cannes three shocks were 

 felt at the same hour. At Cuneo and Turin they 

 did considerable damage. Earthquake shocks 

 were observed in south-eastern France, Switzer- 

 land, Piedmont, Lucca, and Corsica. On Mount 

 "Vesuvius the instruments did not indicate any dis- 



