Mat 13, 1887.] 



SCIUJ^CU. 



459 



are quite exceptional. While words seemed col- 

 ored to them only when spoken very slowly and 

 separately, and then simply take on the colors of 

 the component sounds, particularly the vowels, 

 the names of the numerals have distinct colors 

 which are entirely different in father and daugh- 

 ter. Intense thought of a sound can bring up 

 the color just as really hearing it does. 



EXPLORATION AND TRAVEL. 

 Stanley^s march. 



Advices from Bansa-Manteka (about midway 

 between Banana and Stanley Pool), dated March 

 29, say, " Mr. Henry M. Stanley, with his expedi- 

 tion for the relief of Emin Bey, has arrived here. 

 All the members of the party are well. Mr. 

 Stanley has decided to take a route by way of 

 Stanley Falls for Emin's camp at Wadelai. He 

 will restore the authority of the International 

 association at Stanley Falls, install Tippo-Tip, and 

 afterward ascend the Mburu, which is now known 

 to be for a great part navigable. At the point 

 where navigation ceases, the caravan will start 

 across the country, striking the Albert Nyansa at 

 Murswur, where Stanley intends to form a forti- 

 fied camp, and then send in advance boats to 

 inform Emin of the arrival of the expedition, and 

 solicit transportation to Wadelai by Emin's two 

 steamers. The caravan, which presents an impos- 

 ing spectacle, is about to leave here for Leopold- 

 ville. Four bodies consisting of twenty-five men 

 each, commanded by Europeans, will go in ad- 

 vance to drive off the marauders infesting the 

 route. The association's steamer the Stanley, 

 the Livingstone mission steamer Henry Read, and 

 the trading steamer Florida, will wait at Leopold- 

 ville to carry the expedition to the upper Kongo. 

 The enterprise has caused a sensation among the 

 natives. Many men from the factories at Banana 

 and Boma are flocking to join the expedition, 

 news having spread of the return of the ' white 

 prophet' who will restore order among the 

 people." 



This report confirms the views expressed in 

 some letters on the state of affairs on the Kongo, 

 published by the Paris geographical society, to 

 which we referred in Science of April 1, saying 

 that the intercourse on both banks of the Kongo 

 as far as Stanley Pool was interrupted by the 

 natives attacking the caravans. Slow though the 

 progress be, we may hope, however, that the 

 Kongo association will succeed, after all, in open- 

 ing central Africa to commerce. Even the bitter- 

 est enemy of the association cannot deny that 

 great progress has been made since the first steps 

 of opening the Kongo route were taken. Though 



the aspect is not so glowing as the association 

 represents, we are confident of the final success of 

 the numerous efforts for gaining a foothold in the 

 Kongo basin. 



Stanley's route leads through one of the most 

 unknown parts of Africa, the exploration of which 

 will lead to the discovery of the watershed be- 

 tween the upper Kongo and the Mvutan Nsige. 



NOTES AND NEWS. 

 The Congress of German teachers, to be held 

 at Gotha during the latter part of this month, will 

 discuss the following questions : 1. In what re- 

 spects can the school contribute to the solution of 

 the social question ? 2. Is the standard of morality 

 among the masses higher than formerly, and, if 

 so, how much of the credit of this is due to 

 schools ? 3. What extei'nal circumstances have a 

 beneficial, and what have a detrimental, effect 

 upon the work of the teacher? 4. How can his- 

 tory be used as a means of forming character ? 

 5. The teacher as educator. 6. Is the continuance 

 of public examinations desirable or not ? 7. The 

 educational value of singing. 8. The regular hy- 

 gienic inspection of the school by a physician. 9. 

 Educational walks with the pupils as object-les- 

 sons. 10. Instruction and reading books on the 

 principle of the Realschule. 11. Discipline the 

 sine qua non of school-education. 12. Refuges 

 for boys and girls. 13. Reformatory education. 

 14. The education of girls. 15. The need for a 

 general simplification in the present spelling. 16. 

 The exercise of the franchise by the teacher, both 

 at general and municipal elections, is of the high- 

 est importance. 



— The schools of Vienna are henceforth to give 

 instruction in civics as part of the regular ele- 

 mentary teaching. This step is taken in accord- 

 ance with a municipal decree. 



— The prize of 25,000 francs, offered by the 

 King of the Belgians for the best essay on the 

 best means of improving the study and the teach- 

 ing of geography, has been awarded to Anton 

 Staubers, professor at the gymnasium at Augs- 

 burg. 



— Sir Henry Sumner Maine, well known as the 

 author of ' Early history of institutions,' ' Ancient 

 law,' and ' Popular government,' has been chosen 

 Whewell professor of international law at the 

 University of Cambridge, in succession to Sir 

 William Vernon Harcourt, resigned. 



— Lord Rosebery is to be the Liberal candidate 

 for the lord -rectorship of Glasgow university at 

 the next election. 



— Vienna university has now 6,135 students on 

 its books. 



