TABANID^ OF OHIO. 1 5 



NATURAL ENEMIES. 



Some years ago Hart reared a hymenoptero'us parasite, Pan- 

 iirus tabanivorus, from the eggs of T. atratus. This appears to 

 he a common parasite, and I have reared more than a hundred 

 •specimens from a single cluster of eggs. 



It is very common to find clusters of eggs of both Tabanus 

 and Chrysops more or less injured by being eaten into and some 

 of the eggs destroyed. Various predaceous insects have beeri 

 observed to be responsible for this condition of things. 



Around ponds where Tabanids are issuing many specimens 

 fall a prey to predaceous insects of different orders. Tabanids 

 fresh from the pupa case are not active and require time for their 

 wings to harden before they fly readily. I have observed two 

 species of Hemiptera, Limnobates marginatus and Phytocoris 

 nubilis, preying upon teneral adults of Chrysops callidus ; and 

 E. B. Williamson has sent in teneral specimens of Chrysops vit- 

 tatus taken from Mesothemis simplicicollis, one of our com- 

 monest dragonflies. Robber fhes of the family Asilidse, which 

 appear to have no choice of species when capturing their prey, 

 have occasionally been captured with specimens of Tabanus in 

 their possession. 



A PARTIAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF LITERATURE ON NORTH AMERICAN 

 TABANID.F PUBLISHED PREVIOUS TO OSTEN SACKEN's PRO- 

 DROME OF A MONOGRAPH OF THE TABANID.^ OF THE UNITED 

 STATES. 



Bellardi, Luigi. 



1. Saggio di ditterologia messicana. Two parts and Supplement ; five 

 plates. 1859-186'2. 



Degeer, Baron Charles. 



■2. Memoires pour servir a I'Histoire des insectes. 7 volumes. 1752-58. 

 Only the 6th volurne contains descriptions of Tabanidae. 



Drury, Drew. 



3. Illustrations of Natural History. London, 1770-82. Three volumes. 



(A new edition of this work was published in 1837, by Westwood, 

 under the title of Illustrations of Foreign Entomology.) 



Fabricius, J. C. 



4. Systema Entomologiae. Flensburgi, 1775. 



•5. Entomologia Systematica. 4 volumes. Hafniae, 1772-94; Supple- 

 ment 1798. 

 6. Systema Antliatorum. Brusvigae, 1805. 



Forster, J. R. 

 '7. Novae Species Insectorum. Centuria I. London, 1771. 



