136 Proceedings of the Ohio State Acadeiny of Science 



1 . Leaves obovate, broadly oval or suborbicular, dull ; catkins expand- 

 ing long before the leaves. 2. 



1. Leaves oblong, shining above, catkins expanding in autumn. A. 



maritima. 



2. Leaves finely tomentose or glaucous beneath. A. incana. 



2. Leaves green, glabrous or sparingly pubescent beneath. 3. 



3. Leaves finely serrulate, foliage not glutinous. A. rugosa. 

 3. Leaves dentate-serrate; twigs glutinous. A. ghiiinosa. 



1. Alnus incana (L.) Willd. Hoary Alder. A shrub 

 or small tree with the young shoots pubescent. In wet soil. 

 Newf. to N. W. Terr., N. Y., Penn., Ohio and Neb. Also in 

 Europe and Asia. 



2. Alnus rugosa (DuRoi) Koch. Smooth Alder. A 

 shrub or small tree with smooth bark, the young shoots somewhat 

 pubescent. In wet soil or on hillsides. Me. to Ohio, Minn., Fla., 

 and Tex. 



3. Alnus glutinosa (L.) Medic. European Alder. A 

 tree of rapid growth, developing readil}' in ordinary dry soil. 

 E'sually in wet places. Native of Europe, N. Y. and N. J. 



4. Alnus maritima (Marsh.) Muhl. Seaside Alder. A 

 small tree, glabrous or nearly so. In wet soil. Del. and Md. ; 

 also in Okl. 



Fagaceac. Beech Eamily. 



20. Fagus L. Beech. 



Monoecious trees with smooth, light-gray bark. Leaves 2- 

 ranked, the lateral veins straight and parallel. Twigs with 

 prominent medullary rays and very long-pointed winter buds. 

 Nut 3-angled, and enclosed in a 4-valved burr with soft spines. 



I. Fagus americana Sw. American Beech. A large tree, 

 the lower branches spreading. Autumn leaves pure yellow. Nut 

 sweet and edible. Wood hard, heavy, light-colored, rather close- 

 grained, not durable in the ground ; used for making chairs, han- 

 dles, plane-stocks, shoe-lasts, in turnery, and for "acid wood." 

 In rich but not necessarily deep soil. N. S. to Ont. and Wis., 

 Ohio, Ela., and Tex. 



