An Ecological Study of Buckeye Lake. 27~ 



at the margin of the cultivated field on the south. This zone^ 

 is represented by an 



2. Ulmus-Fraxinus society 



Principal species 

 Ulmus americana Fraxinus americana 



Secondary species 



Trees : 

 Fraxinus nigra H. minima 



Gleditsia triacanthos Salix nigra 



Cornus florida S. alba 



Hicoria ovata 



Shrubs : Cornus stolonifera is quite abundant especially on, 

 the side towards the field but hardly forms a definite 

 shrub zone ; there are also Sambucus canadensis, Rubus 

 nigrobaccus and R. occidentalis with Rhus toxicodendron on 

 many of the trees. Herbs much the same as in the Willow zone. 

 Glechoma hederacea and Poa pratensis form the ground cover- 

 at the western margin. 



The east bank of the creek is a duplication of the west ex- 

 cept that there is a pure society of Scirpus lacustris bordering 

 the open channel. 



This section is rather unique and only partially typical of 

 the vegetation of the coves. Compared with the marsh farther 

 west and the marsh borders of the larger islands, it lacks that 

 unbroken zonation and graduated layering which is usual. Be- 

 ginning with the outer margin and passing through the Typha 

 zone the succession is normal, layering graded from the semi- 

 aquatics with floating leaves not raised above the water sur- 

 face, to Nymphaea standing from one to two and one-half feet 

 above the surface, then the Scirpus and Nelumbo lutea with 

 plants quite uniformily three feet tall, and finally the Typha 

 zone which rises five to six feet above the water level. Theri 



