An Ecological Study of Buckeye Lake. 87 



Lieb's Island. 



With the exception of the Cranberry Bog", this island is the 

 largest in the lake, having an area of 33.59 acres. It lies in the 

 southwestern portion of the new reservoir and is now connected 

 with the old levee by a wagon bridge over the canal. The bridge 

 permits of communication by land with Millersport. 



Probably one-half of the island is under cultivation. There 

 is a house surrounded by a lawn and orchard near the western 

 border, and a cornfield occupies the rest of the cultivated area. 

 The soil is a sandy loam with gravel subsoil, the general slope 

 is from west to east. 



Approaching the island from the north, the water 200 yards 

 from the shore is very shallow, from 4-5 feet deep and is occu- 

 pied by a pure Nelumbo lutea society. Between this and the 

 shore is a narrow Potamogeton lonchites-natans-Polygonum 

 emersum zone. This is followed by a more or less interrupted 

 zone of Typha latifolia and Sparganium eurycarpum. This zone 

 is interrupted by belts of Scirpus fluviatilis which extend to appre- 

 ciable distances inland. On the margin of the island above water 

 is a narrow zone of large forest trees of Salix nigra, Acer 

 rubrum, Ulmus americana, Fraxinus nigra and F. americana. 

 Beyond the trees is a rather fragmentary shrub' zone with Cornus 

 stolonifera, Rosa Carolina, Sambucus canadensis, Rubus nigro- 

 baccus and R. occidentalis as the principal species. Following 

 the shrub zone and blending with it, is a narrow border which 

 had not been cultivated; the ground is quite wet, and bears a 

 mesophytic herb society. Impatiens biflora, Rynchospora alba, 

 Carex vulpinoidea, Triadenum virginicum, Echinochloa walteri, 

 Viola papilionacea, Rumex brittanica and Ambrosia trifida are 

 the principal species. From this zone to the cultivated field is 

 an irregular border from a few to about twenty feet wide which 

 had been cultivated and sown to corn the previous year but this 

 had been abandoned to a society of ruderales among which were 

 also the mesophytic herbs of the preceding zone. 



The following species were noticed : Arctium minus, Soli- 



