An Ecological Study of Buckeye Lake. 97 



depth of 3.5 feet, T. latifolia 2.5 feet. Nymphaea advena was 

 found at a depth of 2 feet and 10 inches. 



Potamogeton zosterifoHus was never found in as deep water 

 as the other species of Potamogeton, and generally in sheltered 

 situations as a well surrounded cove. In such situations it forms 

 a dense mat, the stems and leaves floating on a substratum of 

 Ceratophyllum. All the fixed aquatics form denser growths on 

 the leeward side of shores, islands and tussocks. The disseminules 

 drift and collect in sheltered places and the anchored plants are 

 not torn loose by wind and waves. 



DEVELOPMENT OF THE FLORA. 



It is now well established that there is a broad pre-glacial 

 river valley from Dresden westward past Newark to the Licking 

 Reservoir (Buckeye Lake) and thence continues southwest to the 

 Scioto River. There is also good evidence that a large valley 

 from the southeast, now occupied in part by Jonathan Creek, 

 joined Newark River Valley near the western end of Buckeye 

 Lake. These two streams were diverted from their westerly 

 course at a very early period, possibly by the first ice invasion. 



Buckeye Lake lies in and was a part of this south east branch 

 of the old Newark valley. Towards the eastern end the old valley 

 was not much wider than the present one ; but at the western ex- 

 tremity the lake basin is not over one-fourth the width and lies on 

 the southern slope and not in the deepest portion of the old valley. 

 The present basin is entirely post-glacial, as shown by the thickness 

 of the drift, 100-390 feet, in wells immediately adjacent to the 

 lake. Its longer axis is transverse to the direction of advance of 

 the Wisconsin ice sheet and it extends from the till plain of the 

 ground moraine in which the western part lies, to the terminal 

 moraine which surrounds the eastern end. 



Ecologically the present flora of Buckeye Lake is an example 

 on a large scale of secondary invasion. Until recently a swamp 

 forest, then denuded by submergence, there was provided a rich 

 peat substratum for the present lake vegetation. With the 



