208 MR. E. B. POULTON ON THE PROTECTIVE [Mar. 1, 



Table III. — Not Inconspicuous Larvce, which are 



Species 



of 

 Larva. 



Papilioma- 

 chaon. 



Method by which 



rendered more or less 



conspicuous. 



Unpleasant 

 attribute. 



Arctia caja 



Green, black, and orange. 

 "A striking appearance" 

 ( Weimiami). Granting 



that this is so, when the 

 larva is looked at alone I 

 think that its colours har- 

 monize well with its umbel- 

 liferous food- plants. How- 

 ever, when disturbed the 

 pinkish-red everted glands 

 do render it conspicuous ; 

 but this is after discovery. 



A pair of dorsal pro- 

 thoracic glands, 

 everted when an 

 enemy approaches, 

 and causing a most 

 penetrating odour 

 like " decaying pine- 

 apple " {Buckler) ; 

 especially noticed in 

 fourth stage. 



Eesults of 



J. Jenner Weir. 



A. G. Butler. 



Phragma- 

 tohiafuli- 

 ginosa. 



Sjnlosonia 

 menthas- 

 tri. 



Lasiocam- 

 pa rubi. 



Black, with very long gi'ey Jenner Weir thinks 

 and brown hairs. Freely ■ that " flavour is 

 exposed on dead nettle, &c., ' nauseous " and that 

 although the colour is not ^ the hairs act as a 

 such as to at once attract warning. Neverthe- 

 attention. less I am assured that 



the shorter hairs are 

 irritating ( W. Cole). 



Smoky brown, with brown 

 hairs. Freely exposed on 

 dock &c. ; as above, it is 

 not truly conspicuous. 



Brown, with longbrown hairs. 

 Freely exposed on all low 

 plants ; as above. 



Evidence, as far as it 

 goes, against there 

 being any unpleasant 

 attribute, but only 

 tried with Lizards. 



Lasiocam- 

 pa quer- 



Odenestis 

 fotatoria 



Black and brown, with long 

 brown hairs. Freely ex- 

 posed on heather &c., as 

 above ; more conspicuously 

 coloured with black and 

 yellow bands when younger. 



In this case much evi- 

 dence for the larvae, 

 having unpleasant 

 tasfe. Jenner Weir 

 thinks hairs are 

 warning. 



I believe that there is 

 evidence for the hairs 

 having irritating 

 pi-operties. 



Disregarded by all 

 the birds. 



Young and compa- 

 ratively hairless ; 

 tasted and refused 

 by many birds : 

 disregarded by all 

 when older and 

 very hairy. 



Devoured by L. viri- 

 dis. 



Brown and yellow, and com- 

 paratively conspicuous when 

 young ; black with white 

 marks and brown and grey 

 hairs when older; exposed 

 but not conspicuous on 

 hawthorn. 



I believe that there is 

 evidence for the hairs 

 having irritating 

 properties. 



Blue-grey, black, and orange; 

 tufts of white hairs ; freely 

 exposed on grasses. Easily 

 seen, but does not attract 

 attention. 



The hairs are cer- 

 tainly irritating, al- 

 though it takes some 

 time to affect the 

 hands. 



Disregarded 

 the birds. 



by all 



Disregarded by all 

 the birds. 



