32 



current brood stock is likely more similar to the pre-dam "natural" 

 stock than is the current population spawning in the wild. 



We also conclude that because the habitat has been so altered by hydro 

 development, adaptive evolution of the Chinook population inhabiting 

 this area will likely take place. Further, we believe that the status 

 of the currently defined ESU has improved since listing and the 

 likelihood of extinction has diminished and that it is the ESU itself 

 that needs to be redefined. 



LITERATURE CITED 



Chinook Technical Committee (CTC) . 1994. Pacific Salmon Commission, 

 Joint Chinook Technical Committee, 1993 Annual Report. Report 

 TCCCHINOOK (94)-I. 12/6/94. Vancouver, B.C. 



Cramer, S. P. and D. Neeley. 1993. Evaluation of delisting criteria 

 and rebuilding schedules for Snake River spring/summer Chinook, 

 fall Chinook, and sockeye salmon. Recovery Issues for Threatened 

 and Endangered Snake River Salmon Technical Report No. 10 of 11. 

 Bonneville Power Administration. DOE/BP 99654-10. 



Dennis, B., P. L. Hunholland, and J. H. Scott. 1991. Estimation of 

 growth and extinction parameters for endangered species. 

 Ecological Monographs 6l!llS-143. 



Evermann, B. W. 1896. A preliminary report upon salmon investigations 

 in Idaho in 1894. U.S. Fish Comm., Bull. 15:253-284. 



DFOP. 1993. Detailed fishery operating plan with 1994 operating 



criteria. Prepared jointly by the Columbia Basin Indian Tribes 

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 1993. 



Dygert, P. 1994. Letter to Don Swartz, TAG Chairman. National Marine 

 Fisheries Service. May 17, 1994. 11 pp. 



Fulton, L. A. 1968. Spawning areas and abundance of chinook salmon 

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 present. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Spec. Sci. Rep. Fish. 571:1-26. 



Irving, J. S. and T. C Bjornn. 1981. Status of Snake River fall 

 Chinook salmon in relation to the Endangered Species Act. 

 Prepared for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Unpubl. 

 ManuBcr., 55 p. Available Idaho Cooperative Fishery Research 

 Unit, University of Idaho, Moscow, id 83843. 



Morishima, G. S. 1994. Affidavit in support of tribal TRO RE: utility 

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 CIVIL NO. 68"513 MA. 8/24/94. 28 p. 



Mundy, P. R. 1994. Affidavit of Phillip R. Mundy in support of tribal 



TRO RE: Management of Snake River fall Chinook and Lyons Ferry 



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NMFS. 1994. Biological opinion under section 7 of the Endangered 

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Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife and Washington Department of 

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