7o JOURNAL OF CONCHOLOGY, VOL. 9, NO. 3, JULY, 1898. 



coast for T. magus). Herm Island, at very low water. This is a simple 

 cone with compressed whorls, and has the outlines of T. zizyphinus 

 var. humilior. 



T. cinerarius L. — The range in the height of the spire is 

 extreme. Both this and T. umbilicatus have corresponding elevated 

 and depressed forms, and in some rare cases the markings of T. 

 umbilicatus approximate to this species. 



Var. electissima Thorpe. — Some dwarfs of this from Guernsey 

 are only two lines in height and breadth. 



Var. variegata Jeffr. — The characters of this variety are 

 occasionally combined with the last. 



T. umbilicatus var. agathensis Reel. — Jeffreys has described 

 the animal in the ' Lightning ' Report. According to Monterosato, 

 T. agathensis Reel, is a good species, from Provence and Cette, 

 but not Atlantic. He cites it as "Gibbula agathensis, Reel., ex typo in 

 coll. Hanley." Dr. Norman goes a step further and re-names our shell 

 var. sarniensis ; but if the name has to be altered for any reason, 

 Lowe's var. lata has precedence. The coloured rays are purple both 

 in this variety and in the type, though Jeffreys describes the latter 

 as red. 



T. lineatus var. minor Jeffr. — La Rocque, Jersey, but not eroded. 

 This is sold in the Jersey market as " periwinkles," taking the place 

 of Littorina litlorea, which is there very rare. I have met with 

 several colonies possessing the curious malformed opercula related by 

 Mr. Clark, and Jeffreys' opinion as to its being " an epidemic disease 

 of the operculigerous lobe " appears to me most likely to be the right 

 one. Some of these specimens have no opercula at all. 



T. montacuti Wd. — Occasionally cream colour, without any 

 markings. The fry have a rounded base, and closely resemble 

 the same stage of T. tumidus. A monstrosity from Guernsey and the 

 Minch has a deep suture and a rounded base. 



T. striatus monst. scalariforme Jeffr. — Herm Island. 



T. exasperatus var. pyramidata Jeffr. — Narrower at the base, 

 with a prominent keel to each whorl. I have a specimen from 

 Guernsey, and Dr. Jeffreys' collection contains one from Jersey, found 

 by Mr. Sturges Dodd. Jeffreys was of opinion that T. exasperatus 

 was a variety of T. striatus, but without giving any tangible grounds 

 for it. Both species are very true to form, rarely varying in hundreds 

 of specimens, and certainly never approaching each other in their 

 specific characters. T. exasperatus lives under stones, and T. striatus 

 on sea-weeds, both at low water mark. The fry of T. exasperatus are 

 rounded at the base, and are marked with spiral pink lines, very 



