BIOLOGY 



(Papers numbered 1 to 8 were presented at meetings previous 

 to that of 1922, but were not published in the earlier volume. Papers 

 numbered 9 to 32 were presented in the meetings of 1922.) 



I. HANDEDNESS AND SPEECH 

 Margaret M. Nice 

 Norman, Oklahoma 



Presented in 1917. 



It has often been observed that interference with congenital 

 left-handtdness has caused disturbances in speech, such as stut- 

 tering or stammering, although this does not always happen. In 

 some cases speech has been retarded in children who were not 

 allowed the free use of their preferred hand. ' There is an intimate 

 connection between the hand center and the speech center in the 

 brain, and the speech center is located in the hemisphere that con- 

 trols the dominant hand. Hence it is always an unwise and some- 

 tim^es dangerous proceedings to force a left-handed child into 

 using his right hand. 



Seven children, six girls and one bo}, were slow in learning to 

 talk and at the same time were ambidextrous. An explanation of 

 the coincidence of retardation in speech and in the ascendancy of 

 the right hand might be that as long as the dominant hand center was 

 not definitely settled the speech center could not be located. 



This paper is published in full in the "Pedagogical Seminary," 

 June. 1918, XXV. pp.. 141-162. 



II. A NOTE ON THE RELATION OF HEAT AND MOIS- 

 TURE TO THE BEHAVIOR OF THE TEXAS 

 LAND SNAIL 

 Ed. D. Crabb 



Frrim the Zoological Laboratory of the University of Oklahoma. 

 Contril)ution No. 7, Second Series. 



The Oi)scrvations were made at Camp Bowie, Fort Worth, 

 Texas, in the late summer and fall of 1917 and spring of 1918, upon 

 Bnl'unulus dcalbatus. Say, B. moorcanus and B. parnarcha, Pheib., 

 as determined for me by the late Louis P. Gratacap, Curator of 

 Mollusca, at the American Museum of Natural History. 



In warm drv weather these molluscs mav be seen cemented to 



