84 THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA 



of the prominent limestones of the Kansas Pennsylvanian section 

 give way to the shales and sandstones of northeastern Oklahoma. 

 In regard to the details of this transition, the sections show a good 

 many interesting facts which it would take too long to discuss. They 

 make clear som.e correlations of Kansas and Oklahoma formations 

 about which even the most recent publications express some doubt. 



In studying an oil field, a very important matter is the deter- 

 mination of the character, as well as the correlation, of the sand 

 bodies which contain the oil and gas. To illustrate the results that 

 were obtained, som.e notes will be given in regard to a few of the 

 more important sands. 



The most unusual sand in the Independence district is perhaps 

 the Cherry vale gas sand. This sand body is about ten miles long, 

 from a quarter to a half mile wide, and from nothing to one hundred 

 feet thick. At a depth of about eight hundred feet, it extends from 

 the vicinity of Cherry ville to a point northeast of Neodesha. In 

 practically every well which found this sand, commercial quantities 

 of gas v/ere found. The parts which are in synclines seem to have 

 Ijeen quite as productive as one part which is on a large anticline. 



The origin of a sand body of such character is an interesting 

 problem. The fact that the base of this one appears to be flat, and 

 that the upper surface is convex, appears to indicate that it may have 

 been some sort of barrier beach in the old Pennsylvanian sea, rather 

 than a river deposit. Some very similar deposits farther north, 

 however, have the base convex downward, and are probably channel 

 deposits. 



The Independence gas sand, extending about fifteen miles from 

 Independence to Coffeyville, and ranging from a mile up to five or 

 six miles in width, is about at the horizon of the Bartlesville sand, 

 but is apparently a distinct body. Its thickness is commonly from . 

 fifty to a hundred feet, and it produced gas in amounts up to 

 thirt3'-five or forty million feet a day, from nearly every well in 

 which it was found. 



The Bartlesville sand of the Independence district is not a 

 continuous sand body, but a series of disconnected lenses in the 

 lower half of the Cherokee shale. It is productive of oil and gas in 

 some small pools, but is not, as it is farther south, the chief reliance 

 of the district as a producing horizon. 



In regard to the several shallow sands that produce oil and gas 

 west of Independence, in the old Bolton and Wayside fields and 

 adjacent areas, our subsurface studies cleared up a number of 

 points, but not so many as in the district farther east. The Wayside 

 sand is found to lie immediately under the Coffeyville or Lenapah 



