96 THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA 



any definite fracture. Its composition is limestone and shale 

 thoroughly mixed, the greater portion being limestone. It is *6f 

 nearly the same texture and composition from top to bottom where- 

 ever it occurs, and in some places it has a thickness of 80 feet. Its 

 occurrence and uniformity in characteristics sugests that it is a 

 lake deposit of Permian age. The drainage doubtless was from a 

 limited area of limestone and shale on the south and east sides, and 

 because of the relative position of the Arbuckle limestone, prob- 

 ably much of the calcium carbonate and clay came from it. 



The conglomerates are, at least five in number and like the 

 limestones are Permian in age with one possible exception, which 

 is known to be later than earliest Permian. This one dips about 

 10 feet per mile and the dip is approximately parallel to the strike of 

 the Permian on which it lies. It is a narrow elongate conglomerate 

 shaped like a channel deposit. At the north end, porphyry is found 

 in the conglomerate, while further south it fails to occur. Accord- 

 ingly, if it is a channel deposit, doubtless the drainage was toward 

 the north, but sufficient evidence has not been secured to decide 

 definitely that it is of channel origin. 



Stricture 



The beds on which dips could be measured showed that the 

 dips are from 6 to 10 degrees directly away from the mountain 

 front along the north side. They vary from about 4 degrees on 

 the WiMhorse sandstone to 8 and 10 degrees next to the mountains. 

 On the west side the dip is about 11 degrees next to the mountains, 

 and could not be determinea away from them. 



The general structure of the Permian suggests that the post- 

 Permian uplift was of about the same magnitude as aU that occurred 

 before it. The dips of the Permian are about half as great as 

 those of the older rocks lying directly beneath it in the mountains. 



The Wildhorse sandstone makes a ridge on the north side and 

 parallel with the Wildhorse creek in range 1 west. West of that 

 the sandstone curves around the mountains to the southwest with 

 one irregularity, namely, a large nose is folded in it extending west- 

 ward toward the town of Tatums. 



The Permian sediments abut against the older rocks uncon- 

 formably and a we'l, in section 19 T. IN., R.IW., was getting red 

 beds at a depth of 1765 feet, and the drillers have been bothered 

 with caving under at a depth of 1283. This shows that there was 

 very marked topography in this region during the time when this 

 part of the Permian was deposited, and-if there is Pennsylvanian 

 strata conformably under the Permian they would occur far down 

 the slopes of the mountains of Permian times. 



