MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS. 



183 



associated with musical instruments. It appears in the form of Tepeyolldtli, the 

 "Heart of the mountains," the eighth of the nine lords of the night hours. 1 

 Tepeyollotli is also met with as lord of the third day-count and of the third 

 Tonalamatl division, where he is represented in the form of a jaguar and is ex- 

 plained as the "Echo in the mountains" (el retumbo de la voz, cuando retumba 

 en un valle de un cerro al otro). The roar of the jaguar is thus brought into 

 direct association with the "Echo in the mountains." In a Codex Borgia 

 figure, Tepeyollotli blows a shell-horn. In other cases the shell is worn as a 

 breast ornament, or is otherwise associated with the god. Tepeyollotli is also 

 the name of the Mexican god that is combined with the drum, just as we found 

 deities associated with some Chiriquian drum-whistles (see figs. 280, 281). Equally 

 significant is the double-headed jaguar shown in figure 310. In each mouth, there 

 is what might well be considered a musical instrument held to the lips by means 

 of the forefeet. Holmes, who figured a whistle with four jaguar heads, spoke of 



Fig. 310. — Whistle representing a double-headed jaguar, both necks being perforated, 

 the heads serving as rattles. Alligator ware. 'I* 



the objects held to the mouths, as tongues. Such is not the case with the Yale 

 specimen, because the object extends into the mouth only as far as the front 

 teeth. Moreover, each instrument is held in place by the fingerlike toes of the 

 forefeet. We have here therefore the counterpart of the Mexican Tepeyollotli, 

 symbolizing the " Echo in the mountains." The two finger-holes are both on the 

 opposite side of the figure. The tones are the same as in the preceding whistle 

 and are full of melody. The paint near the finger-holes is much worn, evidently 

 from use. Both necks are perforated. The ear-holes lead to the head cavities, 

 each of which is supplied with clay pellets. 



Another smaller specimen of the jaguar, with mouth open as if uttering a cry, 

 is shown in figure 311. No instrument therefore is necessary to suggest the 

 "Echo in the mountains." It should be noted in this connection that the Chiri- 



1 Codex Borgia; and Codex Vaticanus, no. 3773, Seler's elucidation, 103. 



