ZOOLOGICAL (HAH VOTERS. L23 



different morphological type. Thus, for example, among the Floreales, of which Pen- 

 tremites Godoni is the type (PI. il. figs. 1-7), we find, though placed there will; 

 doubt, Oropkocrinus Puzos (PI. XIV. figs. 14, L5), and also 0. Orbignyanus | PI. XIV. 

 figs. 16 IS), ami Phcenoschisma acutum (PI. XIV. figs. 10-12). Among the Elliptici, 

 the type species of which is Granatocrinus ellipticus (PI. VIII. figs. 16-19), we 

 also find Mesoblastus elongatus (PI. MIL fig. 1), J/, angulatus (PI. VIII. figs. 7, 8), 

 and .1/. rn'iiiiliftiis, though with doubt (PI. IV. fig. I); and likewise THccelocHnus 

 obliquatus (PI. XVIII. figs. L0— 13), which Etoemer described as "vielleicht Typus 

 einer eigenen Familie." The Truncal i, of which the type i> Pentremitidea Paillettei 

 (PL IV. figs, s, 9), also include Oryptoschisma Schulzi (PI. \ . figs. 23-25). Besides 

 these genera there are others, such as Schizoblastus, Cryptoblastus, Metablastus, and 

 Acentrotremites, which we have been led to establish during the progress of our 

 work. These have been principally founded, as was stated in the first of our pre- 

 liminary papers l , " on the morphology of the hydrospires and of their external 

 openings, the so-called spiracles. "We find that the structure and distribution of 

 these organs, together with the arrangement of the various organs composing the 

 ambulacra, present characters of much systematic value." 



Hambach - has published some criticisms of our classification, a reply to which 

 will be found in the 'Annals and Magazine of Natural History' for April, 1885. 

 But at the same time he has also put forward a classification of his own, according 

 to which " all described I'entrcmites (except those which belong to the genus Cadaster 

 or Codonites) can easily be distributed in either one or the other of these three 

 divisions." It has been pointed out, however, that neither of these divisions affords 

 any place for certain European Blastoids which have been described under the 

 general name Pentremites, and have since been referred to Orophocri>ms and Phceno- 

 schisma. The third of them is identical with Granatocrinus, as we had previously 

 defined it. Hambach describes it as " comprising all those species in which the 

 deltoid pieces are perforated, because the lancet-pieces do not reach far enough to 

 the summit to enter into the composition of the spiracle-openings." 



"We are sorry to say that we do not altogether comprehend the meaning of this 

 very teleological argument, and we do not think that Hambach would have used it 

 had he been personally acquainted with the British species of Granatocrinus. It is 

 quite true, as pointed out above, that the lancet-plates in three ambulacra of G. 

 Norwoodi, as revealed by the casts, often terminate outside the circle of spiracles 

 (PL VII. fig. 7); but this is by no means the case in the two posterior ambulacra or 

 in G. ellipticus, G. Derbiensis, G. M'Oyi, and G. campanulatus, as we have explained 

 above (PL VIII. fig. 17 ; PI. IX. figs. 5, 14, 15 ; PL X. figs. 8, 10). 



Hambach 's first division of the forms hitherto referred to Pentremites " would cora- 



1 Ann. & Mh-. Nat. Hist. 1882, vol. ix. p. 214. 



• Trans. St. Louis Ac:ul. Sri. 1884, vol. iv. no. 3, pp. 543-546. 



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