2 74 THE HISTORY OF CREATION. 



tribution on the earth's surface — that Man has developed 

 out of the Catarrhini. For we cannot discover a zoological 

 character distinguishing him in a higher degree from the 

 allied Apes of the Old World than that in which 

 the most divergent forms of this group are distinguished 

 from one another. This is the important result of 

 Huxley's careful anatomical examination of the question, 

 and it cannot be too highly estimated. The anatomical 

 differences between Man and the most human-like Catar- 

 rhini (Orang, GoriUa, Chimpanzee) are in every respect less 

 than the anatomical differences between the latter and the 

 lowest stages of Catarrhini, more especially the Dog-like 

 Baboon. This exceedingly important conclusion is the 

 result of an impartial anatomical comparison of the different 

 forms of Catarrhini 



If, therefore, we recognise the natural system of animals 

 as the guide to our speculations, and establish upon it our 

 pedigree, we must necessarily come to the conclusion that the 

 huonan race is a small branch of the group of Catarrhini, 

 and has developed out of long since extinct Apes of this group 

 in the Old World. Some adherents of the Theory of Descent 

 have thought that the American races of Men have de- 

 veloped, independently of those of the Old World, out of 

 American Apes. I consider this hypothesis to be quite 

 erroneous, for the complete agreement of all mankind with 

 the Catarrhini, in regard to the characteristic formation of 

 the nose and jaws, distinctly proves that they are of the 

 same origin, and that they developed out of a common 

 root after the Platyrrhiai, or American Apes, had already 

 branched off from them. The primaeval inhabitants of- 

 America, as is proved by numerous ethnographical facts, 



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