PAPUANS AND HOTTENTOTS. 3 I I 



form of woolly-haired men. This species now inhabits 

 only the large island of New Guinea and the Archipelago 

 of Melanesia lying to the east of it (Solomon's Islands, New 

 Caledonia, the New Hebrides, etc.). But scattered remnants 

 of it are also still found in the interior of the peninsula 

 of Malacca, and likewise in many other islands of the large 

 Pacific Archipelago ; mostly in the inaccessible mountainous 

 parts of the interior, and especially in the Philippine 

 Islands. The but lately extinct Tasmanians, or the natives 

 of Van Diemen's Land, belonged to this group. From these 

 and other circumstances it is clear that the Papuans in former 

 times possessed a much larger area of distribution in south- 

 eastern Asia. They were driven out by the Malays and 

 forced eastwards. The skin of all Papuans is of a black 

 colour, sometimes more inclining to brown, sometimes more 

 to blue. Their woolly hair grows in tufts, is spirally twisted 

 in screws, and often more than a foot in length, so that it 

 forms a strong woolly wig, which stands far out from the 

 head. Their face, below the narrow depressed forehead, has 

 a large tumed-up nose and thick protruding lips. The 

 peculiar form of their hair and speech so essentially dis- 

 tinguishes the Papuans from their straight-haired neighbours, 

 from the Malays as well as from the Australians, that they 

 must be regarded as an entirely distinct species. 



Closely related to the Papuans by the tufted growth of 

 hair, but geographically widely separated from them, are 

 the Hottentots (Homo Hottentottus). They inhabit exclu- 

 sively the southernmost part of Africa, the Cape and the 

 adjacent parts, and have immigrated there from the north- 

 east. The Hottentots, like their original kinsmen the Pa- 

 puans, occupied in former times a much larger area (prob- 



