314 THE HISTOEY OF CREATIOX. 



Their forehead is flatter and lower, their nose broad and 

 thick, not prominent, their lips large and protruding, and 

 their chin very short. Genuine Negroes are moreover dis- 

 tinguished by very thin calves and very long arms. This 

 species of men must have branched into many separate 

 tribes at a very early period, for their numerous and 

 entirely distinct languages can in no way be traced to one 

 primaeval language. 



To the four woolly-haired species of men just discussed, 

 straight-haired men (Homines Lissotrichi) stand in strong 

 contrast, as another main branch of the genus. Five of the 

 eight species of the latter, as we have seen, can be com- 

 prised as stiff-haired (Euthycomi) and three as curly-haired 

 (Euplocomi). We shall in the first place consider the 

 former, which includes the primaeval inhabitants of the 

 greater part of Asia and the whole of America. 



The lowest stage of all straight-haired men, and on the 

 whole perhaps of all the still living human species, is occu- 

 pied by the Australian, or Austral-negro (Homo Australis). 

 This species seems to be exclusively confined to the large 

 i.sland of Australia ; it resembles the genuine African Negi'O 

 by its black or brownish black hair, and the offensive smell 

 of the skin, by its very slanting teeth and long-headed form 

 of skull, the receding forehead, broad nose, protruding lips, 

 and also by the entire absence of calves. On the other hand 

 Australians differ from genuine Negroes as well as from 

 their nearest neighbours the Papuans, by the much weaker 

 and more delicate structure of their bones, and more 

 especially by the formation of the hair of their heads, which 

 is not woolly and frizzled, but either quite lank or only 

 slightly curled. The very low stage of bodily and mental 



