244 THE HISTORY OF CREATION. 
The result is an excessive development of fat. The same is 
done to the singers in certain religious corporations. These 
unfortunates are castrated in early youth, in order that they 
may retain their high boyish voices. In consequence of this 
mutilation of the genitals, the larynx remains in its youth- 
ful stage of development. The muscular tissues of the body 
remain at the same time weakly developed, while below the 
skin an abundance of fat accumulates. But this mutilation 
also powerfully reacts upon the development of the nervous 
system, the energy of the will, etc. and it is well known that 
human castrates, or eunuchs, as well as castrated animals, are 
utterly deficient in the special psychical character which 
distinguishes the male sex. ‘Man is a man, both in body 
and soul, solely through his male generative glands. 
These most important and influential correlations between 
the sexual organs and the other parts of the body, especially 
the brain, are found equally in both sexes. This might be 
expected even @ priori, because in most animals the two 
kinds of organs develop themselves from the same foun- 
dation, and at the beginning are not different. In man, as 
in the rest of the vertebrate animals, the male and female 
organs in the original state of the germ are entirely the 
same, and the differences of the two sexes only gradually 
arise in the course of embryonic development (in man, in the 
ninth week of embryonic life), by one and the same gland 
developing in the female as the ovary, and in the male as 
the testicle. Every change of the female ovary, therefore, 
has a no less important reaction upon the whole female 
organism than every change of the testicle has upon the male 
organism. Virchow has expressed the importance of this 
correlation in his admirable essay on “Das Weib und die 
