38 Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. [N.S., XII, 



Mai in his pursuit of Daud forwards Katak reached Kalkal- 

 ghati where he halted for some time. _This would be some- 

 where near modern Chatia on the Jagannatha road, up to which 



apparently extended the killah of Kalkalla, though it is now 

 restricted to the south-west corner of Darpanagara. Chatia 

 was in old days a place of some importance. In the tour of the 

 kings, Chatia was th^next halting station north of Cauduara, 



being only 13 miles therefrom by road. Here are the remains 



of an old fort with Hindu remains. 



(6) Bahar. All the extensive tract of country now known 

 as the tributary mahals (Beames). Not correct, as a number of 

 the tributary states were included in other mahals. This is 



«/ __ 



probably the Ahara Dandapata of the T._ehronicles, which by 

 upcountry people would be uttered vahar. Of this two Bisis 

 are named, Olasmi and Ahara. The former has survived as 

 Olasa in subdivision Jajapura District Katak. Thispargana lie- 

 between the bifurcation of the Brahmani river and its branch 

 the Kharsua. At present it is flooded very much by these two 

 rivers. But to judge from the large revenue assessed, Rs. 

 1 ,28,245|, the mahal must have been in the old days very fertile 

 and much larger, extending eastwards probably up to Aji. 



(7) Basai Diwarmar, B. Diwarpitr, B. Diwarbar, B. Di- 

 warna, or B. Purba, Basudebpur Arang, 14 miles north-east of 

 Bhadrakh (Beames). This identification is not acceptable as 

 it would take Sarkar Katak too far north, 30 to 40 miles beyond 

 the Baitarani river, the real north boundary of the sarkar. 

 At the same time the second part of the name appears so 

 corrupt that no correct identification is possible. 



(8) Barang, with nine forts among the hills and jungles. 

 No place of this name known, but it should be identified with the 

 celebrated fortress of SarangGar, four miles south-west of Katak 

 city (Beames). This is really the Paranga Dandapata of the 

 Temple chronicles. It had six Bisis, of which three are named 

 Atiri, Paranga, Sabhari. Paranga means in Oriya upland and 

 is thus applicable clearly to the highlands of modern Khurdha. 

 Atiri has survived in the modern Atiri Gara, seven miles west 

 of Khurdha town. Sabhari refers evidently to the Savaras, an 

 aboriginal tribe that still survives in Khurdha subdivision. 

 The Dandapata Paranga corresponds therefore to the northern 

 part of this subdivision, and included the important town of 

 Bhu vanes wara, famous for its numerous temples and for the 

 neighbouring Jaina caves of Khandagiri hills. 



This mahal of the Ain apparently included another Danda- 

 pata, named Kandhra or Kondhra in the T. chronicles. Bana- 

 pura and Ramesvara Gara were in thin division, which therefore 

 comprised the southern Khurdha (south of Munaguni river) 

 with part of the adjoining Ranapura tributary state. 



Khurdha subdivision is studded with many garas or small 

 forts, and the more important of these are, of course, referred to 



