1916.] The Pollination of Flowers in India. 257 



Callistemon speeiosus, DC, obtains the persistent visits of 

 Apis indica in the Royal Botanic Gardens, Calcutta ; but this 

 bee can pass between the stamens without touching the anthers 

 (25-xii-05). 



Opuntia flowers are dissimilar to the foregoing in that they 

 face upwards. Those of Opuntia elatior, Mill., hare self- 

 pollination in their closing at the end of the day: and self- 

 pollination is possible in Opuntia coehinelifera, Mill.; but it is 

 unlikely in Opuntia Dillenii, Haw., because the style carries 

 the stigma w r ell above the anthers. 



Apis was seen collecting pollen in the flowers of Opuntia 

 monacantha at Dharmpur in the Simla Hills (16-v-ll). Halictus 

 senescens, Smith, was observed pushing a way down among the 

 stamens of 0. elatior (Bankipur, 2-vi-07), and also of 0. 

 Dillenii (Barh, Behar, 5-vi-07), being abundant on the flowers. 

 Ceratina viridissima, Dalh, was doing the same at Barh (4 to 



8-vi-07). 



On Rosa damascena, Mill., the race which is grown for the 

 manufacture of Attar, Apis florea, was seen collecting pollen 

 (Patiala, 22-iv-07). 



The small downwardly directed flowers of Eurya acu- 

 minata, DC, get the visits of species of Andrena and Syrphas 

 (Chitlong, Nepal, 7-xii-07). 



Rubus rosaefolius, Smith, has downwardly directed flowers, 

 which receive the visits of Apis at Shillong (16-vi-ll). The 

 flowers of Rubus ellipticus, Smith, do not face downwards 

 in the same way, but are much visited by Apis in the Himalaya 

 above Palampur, Kangra Valley (lO-iii-02). On the flowers 

 of Rubus moluccanus, Linn., have been seen several indivi- 

 duals of a Bombycid moth at Dumpep, Khasia Hills (30-v-ll). 



Hopea odorata, Roxb., has been seen to be visited by a 

 Melipona at Moulmein rather freely. Its slightly fragrant 

 flowers were noted to open at very varying hours between 

 midnight and midday (Moulmein, 15-ii-02). 



Grewia Microcos, Linn., opens its flowers between 7 and 

 8 a.m. ; then the citron-yellow petals bend back giving space 

 for the stamens with golden-yellow anthers to spread in the 

 form of a spray. Among these anthers the stigma lies, and is 

 touched by them in the closing of the flowers at dusk. Melipona 

 is a common visitor in Moulmein (23 and 24-ii-04). 



Grewia urbutilifolia, Juss., has flowers differing slightly in 

 that the stigma lies beyond the anthers These anthers 

 dehisce as the flower opens (Parlakimedi, Northern Circars, 

 2.X-02). 



