


Vol. IV, No. 3.] Notes on Indian Mathematics. 116 
[N.S.] 
occasions ; so often, indeed, that had we only Albiruni to rely upon 
we should hardly be able distinguish between the two with re- 
gard to their work and teaching. They always appear to be in 
Saaeent, and are both ion by Brahmagupta. * Aryabhata, 
Pulisa, Vasishtha, and Lata agree in this, that when it is noon in 
Yamakoti, it is midnight i in Ram, beginning of the day in Lanka, 
and the beginning of the night in Siddhapura, which is not pos- 
iitle, if the world is not round ” (i., 370). ‘“ Aryabhata, the elder, 
and Pulisa compose the manvantara from 72 caturyugas, etc.,” and, 
him,” writes Aibteun Livy 
Aryabhata, the Yess speaks highly of the intelligence of 
Pulisa (Indza, i. eg) tage d Albiruni was engaged in translating his 
works. Unfortunately this translation is not “available, but, in the 
India, Albiruni gives several Peat quotations from the Pulisa- 
Siddhanta. For example (i., 266):—“ Pulisa says in his Siddhanta: 
‘Paulisa, the Greek, says somewhere that the earth has a globular 
shape, Besides, all scholars agree on this head, as Varahamihira, 
He quotes a list of the orders of ihe ghonte which 
of a table of sines which are the same as those’ given is Arya- 
hata. In his list of Hindu works on astronomy, Albiruni states 
that the Pulisa-Siddhanta, composed by Palisa, was so called from 
age the Greek, ay ies city of Saintra, which he supposes 
o be Alexandria. s been suggested that this Paulisa is 
Hi Paulus of Rieeeuiee ai in A.D, 378, phe an peek a 6d 
to Astrology, which has come down to us. One is justified f 
the circumstances in making the supposition, “tat the identity is is 
by no means established. 
According to Weber, Pulisa was a contemporary of ranges 
and the two were rivals, while Kern places Pulisa a century b 
fore Aryabhata. It is generally supposed that they were both 
io 
Aryabhata and Varahamihira on one occasion and, if this quota 
tion is to be relied upon, we must conclude that t Aryabhata + bho 
not posterior to Pulisa and that Varahamihira and Pulisa 
contemporaries. But it is very probable that the latter suit of 
IV. 
The section of Aryabhata’s work that deals with math ematics 
is entitled the Ganita. It consists of thirty-three couplets, tn 
which is condensed a great deal of matter, At first sight it seem 
to be devoid of order and to be a Pn jumble of rules; but 
apparent confusion disappears. a certain extent, on ‘closer ex- 
amination. St tarting with the pelle of iumorals, our author 
ef 
