180 Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. [| April, 1908. 
Up to 1875 every one had used the path to Tonglu which 
ascends by its eastern spur : but, when in that year the new bridle- 
path from Ghum to Phallut was made, C. B. Clarke took imme- 
and thunder. His account of the Coackenien may be ound i in the 
erie of the prope Societu of London, Botany, xv., 1876, pp. 
116-1 
Several times after this Clarke botanised on the ridge ; and 
in an interesting vivid introduction to a second paper in the same 
Journal, xxi., 1885, p. 384, he econ the vegetation as seen in 
June, 1884, The weuibiet was then wet, “ poor even for Tonglu,” 
and the collection made not so nt as that made in September. 
The June flora, beg is the spring flora, he found to be less 
rich pond oy autumn flor 
who ‘journeyed in 1889 over Sandakphu and 
Phallut es pee country close under Kinchinjunga, has just 
touched on the vegetation of the ridge, as seen in June, in a paper 
printed in the Records of the Botanic Survey of India, i i,, no. 2, 
1893, pp. 2-3. 
asia Riles (Among = Himalayas, London, 1899, 
pp. 301-340) well describes the road as he found it in early 
spring before eee snow had gone Pere Sandakphu and Phallut, 
ee references thatI have given, together with a brief note 
of my own ie Bulletin, 1907, p. 92) comprise all the pertinent 
lit start existing, 
My sears begin about 7,000 ft.—just above the upper 
limit of tree-ferns—on the e very end of the ridge, south of Tonglu, 
From this point the road ascends to 10,050 ft., descends to about 
8,500 ft., ascends again to 11,900 ft., and then, “falling and rising 
slightly, continues aso 11,000 and 11 800 ft., until it rises on 
Singlela to 12,100 f 






Sanda kphu 
Me 
\ 
‘ 
{Phallut 
1 

NORTH 


There are five chief vegetative-formations along the road. 
First of all there is the mixed oak forest, which, muffled in moss, 
clothes the damper slopes at 7000—9000 ft. ‘Abeve it isa belt 
