188 Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. [April, 1908. 
Dr. Willis and I have been among those to show! that 
dulous flowers are visited by higher types of insects than similarly 
shaped erect flowers; and we believe this to be due to the greater 
amount of hone that adroit insects can obtain from them, because 
(i) the rain does not dilute it, and (ii) other insects do not readily 
it. It seems as if this ridge from Tonglu to Singlela pro- 
duces such an unusual amount of pendent flowers in consequence of 
its wet climate. Sir Joseph Hooker, long ago, attributed the adop- 
tion of a pendent oe in the flowers of Rosa sericea to the need 
of protecting the 
The insects a ee ‘at the season of my visits are relatively 
few. aces, ae re of hue, are scarce, sen were never seen on 
flowers; a humming-bird hawk-moth (Sphingid) was seen on 
Beadakpin sueksig roa from the flowers ‘of Saaz ee diversi- 
folia, and keeping to that one species alone at 11,900 feet, 
though lower down it was n on Strobilanthes, ‘Apis was 
unless heavy. e commonest Bombus is Bombus funerarius, 
It visisted the Aconites particularly ; and below their level: it 
visi Impatiens and other oh sis Occasionally it was seen 
biting corollas to get at honey which it found difficult of access, 
Bombus vallestris. I suspect that it does not ascend quite as high 
as, the first. It was chiefly seen in the mixed forest, and not on 
Aconitum nor on Impatiens. Bombus trifasciatus ascends high and 
was seen on the flowers of Elsholtzia strobilifera upon the very 
summit of Singlela, busy in steady and rather heavy rain. 
Of other nan aig several were seen. The wasps, which 
were among them, went to the flowers of Swertia Chirata 
e Syrphi d fly—Bristalis himalayensis—was fr equent, ascend- 
ing to the top of Cig quar and visiting ag eer Another 
Eristalis occurred with it. One or two species of Syrphus visited 
Sazifraga qiverasfolia flowers. A tain occurred about 9,500 feet 
on Composites and on a Polygonum. 
e mixed forest a tawny and remarkable Lycastris*# with a 
tongue 22. mm. long, was common. It dovacy Senecio tetranthus 
and S. alatus very persistently, and was twice seen on Impatiens 
a ica. Within my experience it did sk ascend to the Abies 
zon 
ak large Dexid fly visited Amaphalis and Swertia in the 
mixed forest. Countless Bibionids of the genus Plecia swarmed 
10.000 feet or a little higher; and a Cistelid beetle was very 
common in some places, chiefly on Composites and at the higher 
si 
of the types of flower suited for the visits of the 
Bumble | sie are markedly specialised, notably the larger species 

1 Annals of Botany, xvii., 1903, p. 568. 
2 Lycastris flavihirta, Brunetti in Records, Indian Museum, ii., 1908, p. 85. 
