
nde —y 


Vol. 1V, No. 5.] Notes on the Geography of Old Bengal. 289 
[N.S.] 
Harivaméa.' In Bhima’s conquests (Sabhaé-P°), it is placed 
between Vanga on one hand and Karvvata with Suhma on the 
other, 
The Records and the Life of Yuan-chwang # describe T’an-mo- 
lih-ti ( Tamra-lipti y he having travelle 
Medieval period. a mor. over $00 fi rom pet -mo-ta-t’a 
Pema eg The country was about 1,400 li in circuit, and there- 
fore not a large one. The land was low and moist, forming a 
bay where land and water communications met. ‘The climate 
was hot. By good farming fruits and flowers abounded. The 
inhabitants were generally prosperous (by trade), having many 
rare valuables. Though their customs were rude, they were cour- 
ageous. Of Deva temples there were more than 50, and of Bud- 
dhist monasteries above ten with more than 1,000 brethren. 
Besides Buddhists, there must have been Nigranthas, as in the 
list of Jaina cies the first sakh@ or branch of the ancient 
Godasa Gana was named Tamraliptika.? The Chinese pilgrim 
Hiuen-ta calls it “ se southern district of E. India 
The country was evidently included in the empire of Sasanka, 
and after Sasanka of Harsa, for the empire of both extended south- 
wards up to Kofgeda or Gaiijam. In the set Pleo (IY, xxiv 
18),* it is recorded “ Devaraksita will Sea Kogalas, Odras, 
Tamraliptas and the sea-coast town” (? sixth century). No 
further record has been found about the separate existence of 
Tamralipta as a kingdom. 
More famous was the capital, after which the country and 
th 
, e people were evidently named. It 
ee. is frequently mentioned od Jaina, Bud- 
dhistic, Brahmanical and other works. It must have existed 
before the birth of Christ. Ptolemy noticed Tamalites in his 
g in he river Ganges (BK. VII, Cap. I, § 73) ; 

! The references may be classified thus 
(i) T&mralipta—MBh., Adi-P°, OLXXXVI: 13; Sabha- P XXX, Ress 
LII, 18. At harva- -pari idista ,LVI,4. Cf. Par arasara, l.c., U 
po ine entary on Brhat-samhita XIV, 5-7, and Satnded-wocuhitd, 
-31. 
under ; 
(i) Timealipeaka MBM. Bhisma-P°, IX, 57; Drona-P°, CXVIII, 
a-P®, XXII, 2, 21. HV., Bhavisya-P°, XLVI, 65. Cj. 
Bherite’s" Natya- sastra, XIII, 34. VayuP® (Anandagrama 
wane s), XLV, 123 (p. 189). Mar ey (Bib. Ind. 
aera! Pp. 301, 329, 330. Br. sam 
(iit) Tameali ipti—cf. Br. sam., X, 14; celal af ce. under 
i. 
- aeanttens ate II, 200-1; Watters, II, 189-190 ; Life, Beal, p. 132. 
8 Sac ooks of the East, XXII, p. 
. Ae, Fannepuron XCIX, 385, (Pana Ed.) p. 385 :— 
oa -c= Antihra-Paundrams =ca Tamraliptan sa-sagaran\ 
reg c=aiva purim ramyam bhokgyanti Si carakpictes | 
5 Ind. Ant., XIII, 364. 
