ee al 

Vol. IV, No. 6.] The Use of the Abacus in Ancient India. 295 
[N.S.] 
These syllables they expound by inverting their arrangement, 
beginning with the sil and ending with the first; and scoring 
from the right, thus 
Staha @ tou ese Na © Gnia © .Dha S882? Dé Seen 
Ve $$—a Vedam or 1600984 days. 
Ka @ Ri ee ss eee Za 3 Ra ee—a Raza Gherica or 
12372 d 
La @e@ Ni = ta eee ka @—a Kalanila or 3031 days. 
Rra @@ Va $¢ Deheu $8$8—a Devaram or 248 days.” 
Sir R. Temple (Ind. Ant. xxvii, p. 19) quotes an interest- 
ing example from rural Siam, but the calculator was of Chinese 
origin and had evidently learned the use of the swanpan ; and we 
naturally enough find similar examples of hes occasional use in 
India of oe abacus or its principle in modern times. 
O examples quoted above, the modernonesare of little value, 
They, leas supported by more ancient examples, only show that 
the abacus is a foreign importation into India. Warren’s supposed 
example (it really has nothing to do with the abacus) is of interest 
citation is no evidence of its use in ancient India et gives no 
reference to the actual use of the instrument in India but infers 
that, because it was used in Persia and Khorasan, it ve 
must ha 
been borrowed from India, at the time of the rey a from 
India of our arithmetical notation! But it is even donbtful 
whether our modern notation was ever introduced from India 
apparently from immemorial, but this statement is supported 
only by the senate of Rodet quoted above ; and one can only con- 
clude that id not comprehend the facts of the case. 
