286 Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. [N.S., XIV, 
cendent intercourse whose character is knowledge). He through 
some defect (of his eye, etc.) identifies “this” (pearl) with “sil- 
ver,” that is, becomes conscious of the generic nature “silver- 
ness” as abiding in “this” (pearl) which is not its own subject. 
Here his knowledge is invalid, or, in other words, he commits an 
error. When a person, on the other hand, takes a piece of silver 
to be silver by saying “this is silver,” he identifies “this” with 
“silver,” or, in other words, becomes conscious of the generic 
nature “silverness”’ as abiding in “‘ silver’ which is its own sub- 
ject. His knowledge is valid. 
form “ this is silver” there is only one kind of knowledge, 0. 
determinate knowledge, and it will be cumbrous to assume two 
kinds, viz. perception and recollection. 
afanaate: | 
The Intercourse between Senses and their Objects. 
Ordinary Perception (laukika pratyaksa). a 
Perceptual knowledge, or more simply perception, mere 
Perceptual  (pratyaksa) efined [by Aksapada] as knowledge 
knowledge. °° W. . 1 oo ee 
oe ee sense with its object, and which is NOW 
erratic, being either reflective (mediate) or non-reflective bare 
diate). This efinition, according to Gangega, is too wide as . 
includes recollection and inference of the soul, and is also te? 
