1918.] The Tattva-cintamani. 313 
and which contributes to the production of the entire know- 
ledge which produces consideration, e.g. 
This hill is fiery. 
It may also be defined as a sentence which gives rise to an 
inquiry necessitating the mention of the reason, e.g. this hill 
is fiery (why so? because it is smoky). 
a | 
The Reason or Middle Term. 
The reason or middle term (hetu) is a word, with the 
instrumental or ablative suffix attached to it, which produces 
knowledge whose object is not the probandum (major term) 
but which contributes to the production of the entire know- 
ledge that gives rise to consideration, e.g. because it is smoky 
(t.e. by or from smokiness). 
he reason is of two kinds : (1) the affirmative (anvayi) and 
e affirmative reason is a 
VeiTIaUE | 
Example. 
The example (udaharana) is a word which while producing 
knowledge of connection of the form that the locus of the 
middle term is constantly occupied by the major term, causes 
another knowledge which proceeds from the sentence expressive 
of consideration,! e.g. 
All that is smoky is fiery as a kitchen. 
[So is this hill smoky]. 
Saas: | 
Application. 
The application (upanaya) is a member which produces 
consideration, e.g. [All that is smoky is fiery]. So is this 
hill smoky. 
J ES ee ae 
' Application (upanaya) is the sentence expressive of consideration. 
