elxxx Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. {NS., XIV, 
East of Sakesar, near the centre of the main range, there 
is a well-defined group of seepages; oil-shews, some of them 
amongst the most prolific in the Punjab, occur at intervals 
along the junction of the limestones and Siwalik rocks for 
a distance of nearly ten miles. The massive sandstones which 
here form the base of the Siwalik system give rise to precipitous 
cliffs and buttresses; seepages occur in the gorges at pomts 
where the limestones dip finally beneath the sandstones. The 
oil seeps from the basal conglomerate of the Siwalik rocks 
or from the uppermost bed of the limestones; in the latter 
instances the basal conglomerate is usully absent or is repre: 
sented by the limestone bed in which the seepages occur, for 
there is some evidence that this bed is a re-cemented limestone 
conglomerate and probably of Siwalik age. 
wenty miles to the southwest, in the Sulgi glen near Amb, 
there is another prolific seepage in the very heart of the Salt 
R On examination this seepage proved to be a small 
patch of oil-soaked Siwalik rocks resting on limestones and let 
down by faulting into contact with the Carboniferous Lime 
stone and Salt Marl. The Siwalik rocks contain vertebrates and 
they may be at a somewhat higher horizon than the sand- 
stones of the more northern seepages. It is important to note 
that the only seepage known to occur in the Salt Range scarp 
is quite definitely in Siwalik rocks. : 
The group of seepages in this part of the Salt Range differs 
markedly from those previously described in that the oil pe 
passage beds at the top of the massive lim 
horizon does not outcrop at the surface owing to 
formity, but it must occur further north beneath the 
cover. The oil would then find its way to the surtace 
ssaee, migration along the conglomerates. Such lateral ee 4 
ment of oil up the dip through porous beds presents no ae 
mechanical difficulties and is in accordance with the us 
accepted laws of oil accumulation. locali- 
e basal Siwalik rocks are exposed in several other ne ; 
ties, for instance, in other parts of the Salt Range, © to 
ar hill i : 
par hills south of the Khaire Murat ridge, at ip 
et Range nummulitic limestones nor in the Cardita beau 
les. 3 
If the above explanation of’ the Salt Range seeE fou 
correct the Siwalik sock at Amb must have accumulated ae 
oil before being let down by faulting. 
