™ 
1923.| Liver and Kidney in Clarias and Saccobranchus 115 
liver is somewhat longer than the thickness of the muscle 
through which it bores through. The liver lobes and the 
isthmus are covered by the usual visceral peritoneum. 
Posteriorly and in close proximity to the extra-coelomic 
liver lobe ap a round mass of kidney of a dark brown colour 
igs. 1, 2, 3, 4, RECM). This mass. which is also situated 
outside the body- -wall and close beneath the skin, is connected 
y a short branch to the anterior corner of the kidney which 
liesin the usual position. This portion of the kidney is only 
slightly smaller in size than the adjoining extra- coelomic liver 
lobe. Its histological structure shows that it is a degenerate 
portion of the mesinephros which has ceased to perform its 
fanction, the excretory function being chiefly carried on by 
~~ ECM 

Fig. 4. The liver of Clarias batrachus ; ven tral view. GLB, gall 
bladder : LCL, left co elomie teat be: LECL, left extra- 
eho ae Rag): celomic liver te RECL, right 
xtra coelomic liv STC, o end of stom 
Vig: 8. The liver of Castel ‘awe ach po view. “CSTC, cut end of 
the ourdinal end of s ach; PCARDV, posterior cardinal 
vein ; LHV, left fa es vein: RHV, right hepatic vein: 
a other letters as in fig. 4. 
Fig. 6. nd free of Clarias batrachus ; ventral sete’ CM, kidney 
: LECM, left extra-coelomic kidney | - PRN, head 
isdnoy ‘cr. pentane’ RECM, SN: exicaeoliisia aaa? 
lobe 
the kidney proper lying inside the body-eavity sae is 
mm. in length, 6 mm. in breadth and 4 mm. in thic 
Stouter than the isthmus of the liver snd measures Gtly about 
mm. in length. The isthmus of the kidney lies dorsal to 
wos isthmus of the liver. — the ped as a it lies out- 
it awells up to ‘form what | a the ‘ -extra-abdominal ” or 
“ subcutaneous ” portion of the kidney. e isthmus in pes 
case takes its origin from the antero-lateral side of the kidney 
Proper. There is no such peritoneal covering as Is found in 
the case of the liver outgrowth. It is also noteworthy that the 
