486 Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. [N.S., XIX 
The loom used in Tibet, on the other hand is also in use in 
Mongolia and generally on the border country of northern 
China. The warp is fastened to the ground by large pegs at 
either end ; the weaver squats over this and pushes the balls 
of titead through the warp; two or three blows from a heavy 
wooden batten are given on each thread of the woof, and alter- 
nate threads of the woof are kept separated by two small 
sticks and the batten itself. The part of the warp near the 
weaver is kept raised to a uscd height from the ground 
by a piece of wood or stone. In this way, cloths, tents, oii. 
are woven.! Rockhill further mentions that in some parts of 
the country there is a vertical loom but that so far as he could 
see there was no material difference in details. He is also 
definite that in the parts explored by him, there was no shuttle, 
always a ball of thread, and he suggests that the mention of 
a shuttle of bamboo in Jaeschke Liquoted by him) might be due 
to its presence in Western Tibet 
The description of weaving i in Ladakh, given in Moorcroft’s 
travels resembles this close as e two ends of the e warp are 
fastened together and it is then Oe uihed upon two rods, 
one fixed to the body of the weaver (who is invariably a woman), 
by a cord which admits of the work being loosened or tightened 
at pleasure, and the other well fastened to some stones ata 
distance. The whole is close to the ground on w hich the work- 
woman sits, but the position close to her is slightly raised by a 
third rod. Loops each including a thread and received upon a 
small stick like a rattan, supply the place of a heddle. Of 
these there are three sets which draw up parts of the warp 
alternately as required. A large heavy mash into which a thin 
bar of iron is inserted, is a substitute for the reed and three or 
more heavy strokes are made with its armed edge upon every 
thread of the woof. The last instrament must be taken out 
after the insertion of each piece of yarn, and when ‘Placed 
perpendicularly with its two edges separating the warp, ab 
dance of room is given for the passage of the balls of worsted 
made use of without the cover of a shuttle. 
The warp is prepared as in Nepal by winding the thread 
round reeds stuck in the ground. 
It is evident that except ee the advanced opis employed, 
= Gacctataash of Boson: Monograph on cotton ee ‘1898. N. N. 
anerji. 
G. A. Grierson: Behar Peasant Life, VII pat V, Caleutta 1885.¢ 
nment of .W. Province: Monograph on cotton fabrics. 


rment of Bombay: Monograph on cotton fabrics. R. E. 
Enthoven, 1896. é 
| W. W. Rockhill: Notes on the Ethnology of Tibet, in Smithsonian 
were etc. 1893. p. 698 
ooreroft: Travele in the Himalayan Provinces, etc. London 
1841, part IL, Chap. IX. 
