518 Journal of the Asiatic Sociely of Bengal. [N.S., XIX, 
APPENDIX C, 
Two lists are available of the classes of the Udas, one 
from Oldfield,! another from Hodgson’s manuscript. These 
have been put in a tabular form for comparison. Hamilton 
does not contribute anything to the subject ; he merely men- 
tions that they were originally all traders and states that 
they rank next to Jopu, but almost of the same rank. The 
Gubhaju of Kathmandu who criticised Oldfie!d’s table of 
Bauddha castes in Nepal stated that all the divisions of Udas 
are merely occupational and that Awas are usually Jyapoos. 
As regards the position of the Udas, Oldfield’s order was 
not objected to by the Gubha{u although he criticised other 
statements of his. As the real position must have been well 
known to a Gubhaju, Oldfield’s view may be accepted 
-Hamilton’s account is much less full in all respects and as we 
shall see contains other inaccuracies in addition. 
All the authorities are agreed that there are no real 
differences between the different classes of Udas, i.e. b 
marriage and the rules of the table. {It may therefore be 
definitely accepted. Again all the principal occupations 
followed by Udas, and the corresponding professional terms 
agree in both the lists. It is true Hodgson gives three more 
classes than Oldfield but the exception is more apparent than 
real. The three classes are Barahee Kurmee, Kotajoo and 
Sinha-Khwo. The first, the Barahee Kurmee is similar to the 
term Balhaij which seems to me a contracted vulgar variant 
of it; the latter occurs in Oldfield’s table of heterodox or 
mixed Hindu and Bauddha Newars and the specialised occupa- 
over according to the Gubhaju the Balhaij is the same as 
Sikami (Appendix D), both being carpenters, only with differ. 
ent names. The reason of the difference in name for the 
they must have been still more assimilated to other groups — 
if we admit that they had been separate—returning them- 
selves perhaps simply as Uda or under some other head. 
it is not important whether the Kotajoo or doorkeepers 
once existed separately or not and the evidence does not allow 
| Oldfield : ibid., Chap. XIV. 
* Hodgson; Manuscript volume entitled ‘* Ethnography.” 
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