530 Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. [N.S., XIX, 
the Gubhaju did not mention this, although he remarked on 
the Balhaij. But the latter are carpenters connected with the 
car of Matsyendranatha; so are the Yungwar. If the Balhaij 
= Barahi Kurmee (see App. €C) are the same as s Sikami, the 
Yungwars are probably also the same. Of course there may 
e a special section of carpenters who build nae car of 
Matsyendranatha, but the evidence does not seem to lie in favour 
of their having split off into a division resembling a subcaste. 
All the five castes described as Sivamargi by “the Gubhaju, 
occur in the three important lists, of Hodgson, Oldfield and 
Earle. The spelling and occupation of the Katha are given 
somewhat differently in Oldfield but the Census Report makes 
their identification quite clear. Hamilton mentions only the 
au. and later on amongst the outcastes, the Kau. As 
however all the other lists disagree with Hamilton’s, this 
piece of information may be considered incorrect. 
Although the occurrence of the five castes in Karle’s list 
might seem at first sight to support the view of the Gubhaju, 
it has already been pointed out why this is not at all a good 
ground for concluding that a particular caste belongs to Hindu 
Newars. 
About the Bhat, some or information is available. 
In a description of the funeral ceremonies of the Newar 
the cremation, a piece of the brain of the dead man (kept separate 
before the cremation) is eaten by the Bhat Brahmans. Other 
castes, as Brahmans, Vaisyas and Sresthas are mentioned as 
merely making gifts of eatables, metal utensils and wearing 
apparel to these people. which also is done by the Ksatriyas. 
The making of death gifts to Bhats is not however restricted 
to Hindu Newars alone. While, therefore, it cannot be sug- 
gested that high caste Hindu Newars make death gifts to 
acknowledged Bauddhas, the Bhat cannot be considered as a 
pure Hindueither The mention of Banra priests by Hodgson 
and Oldfield’s — of the group among Bauddhamargis 
show that they must be a mixed group 
The Tatee are wedeencdie Sn by Hodgson not to be wholly 
heodithen ; some according to him, have Achars and Brahmans 
as priests. The mention of two groups of Tatis in the histor- 
ical list, one of which weaves graveclothes and is Bauddha. 
while the other makes clothes for idols, and also sacred threads. 
presumably for the castes of twice born rank, including Brah- 
es ibs the Brahmanic ideas than the other members of the 
' + Werabarins entitled ‘' Bek aorateaken'' 

