Vol. VIII, No. 9.] Bhatta Bhavadeva of Bengal. 341 
[NV.S.] 
temple was erected, or of at ~~ within which Bhuvanegvara 
lay, or of the kin g of this t 
The pdr vies "that the ancestors of Bhavadeva 
were learned pandits, though some of them took part also 
in political life. Bhavadeva himself, though. minister of two 
; r ‘ 
tract west of the Bhagirathi river, study of Sanskrit astrology, 
philosophy and rituals was in fair swing in the tenth and the 
eleventh century A.D. This is confirmed by the Nydya- 
andalt, another survival of the period. Its author Sri- 
dharacarya has given an account of himself at the end of the 
wor e was a resident of Bhurisristi in south Radha, 
which cannot but be the modern Bhursut on the right bank 
of the Damodar river in Howrah District. He composed his 
famous work on the Vaisesika system in the Saka year 913 or 
A.D. 9 Such scholars as Sridharacirya and Bhavadeva 
could not have been accidental growths, but must have been 
the products of an age when and of a tract where general 
learning had been raised to a fairly high level. If this surmise 
be correct, then it is another argument against the rather 
silly stories that in the eleventh century the king Adisiira had 
to import Brabmans from Kanauj because he could not find 
learned men in Bengal. 
This section I conclude by drawing pe ee to the pecu- 
liar title of Bhavadeva, Bala-valabhi-bhujanga. Valabhi, the 
word found in some of the MSS., must be speak as it appears 
in the contemporaneous inscription. Vadabhi is not exactl 
is found in no other MSS. and goes against the inscription. 
I suspect it is a clerical mistake, probably arising from the 
idea that Vadabhiya should be derived from some gain (village) 
or family name. Such surnames were not uncommon in later 
Smrti writers of Bengal, e.g. Campahitti or °hittiya of Ani- 
ruddha Bhatta, Kafjivilliya of Kubera, Narayana or Bhima, 
Sahudiyan of Sulapani, Paribhadriya of Jimitavahana. But 
I think the op thes Balabalabhibhujanga is not derived from 
the family, but is a personal title of Bhavadeva, like the title 
Sphurita of hs great-grandfather Budha. Being a personal 

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afuncmlniamaniare aaaes sf eat | 
suaeeew faauga wtaay y & Ny.iKan., pr. ed., pp. 330-1. 
