1912.] Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. exxvii 
represented in the Western Pahari tract by the Khas clan of 
the Kanéts, and in the Central Pahari tract by the Khas tribe. 
which forms the bulk of the cultivating population. 
In later times the Khasas were conquered by the Gurjaras. 
The Gurjaras are now represented by the Rajputs of the whole 
Sapadalaksha tract, and also by the Rao clan of the Kanéts, 
which represents these Gurjaras who did not take to warlike 
pursuits, but remained cultivators. Hence their claim to be of 
impure Rajput descent. In Garhwal and Kumaun, where (for 
our present purposes) there are only Rajpiits and Khagas, the 
cultivating Gurjaras became merged in the general Khas popula- 
ti r the whole of this Sapadalaksha tract the Gurjaras 
and the Khasgsas gradually amalgamated, and they now speak one 
language, mainly Gurjari, but also bearing traces of the speech 
of the original Khaga population. 
As andarkar has shown, many of these Sapadalak- 
sha Gurjaras migrated into Rajputana, carrying their language 
with them, which there developed into Rajasthani. In the 
communication 
dialects. 
There remain the nomadic Gijars of the north-western 
hills. Their presence is accounted for as follows:—We have 
running from Méwat (the ‘‘ Gujarat ’’ of Albiruni) up both 
sides of the Jamna valley, and thence following the foot of the 
ken, as if by foreigners. The further we go into these 
sparsely populated hills, the more independent do we find the 
ajar dialect, and the less is it influenced by its surroundings. 
At length, when we get into the wild hill-country of Swat and 
