Ex. Doc. No. 41. 



67 



attitude of defence.. I tfi few a pebble at themj and it would be 

 hard to imagine, concentrated in s'o small a space, so much expres- 

 sion of defiance, rage, and ability to do mischief, as the tarantula 

 presents. " . • 



_ Our camp was near an old Apache camp. The carcasses of cattle 

 m every direction betokened it to have .been the scene of a festival 

 after one of their forays into the Spanish territory. 



The Gila at this place is much swollen T?y the affluence 'of the 

 three streams just mentioned, and its cross section here is about 70 

 leet by 4. ^ Ttie waters change their color, and are slightly tainted 

 With salt; indeed, just below our camp there came from the side of 

 an impending mountain, a spring so highly charged with salt as to 

 be altogether .unpalatable. Several exquisite ferns were plucked at 



acacia 



J 



coverina: 



the plains 



he spring, and anew green-barked ^ ^ __ ^ „ 



above the river bed, but vegetation generally was very scarce^ this 

 IS the hrst camp since leaving the Del Norte, in .which ^^e have not 

 i^aa good grass. • ■ . 



At Sh. 40m., a meteor of surpassing splendor started under con- 

 stellation lyra, about " ' > ^^ - - - 



20 



t It !.•'■' ~» <^egrees above the horizon, and went off 



°^^?^^s t^e south, projected against a black cloud, 

 ■ine clouds interfered with my observations; but such as they 



j^ere, 12 altitudes of polaris, 9 of alpha andromedai, and 9 of alpha 

 ^jrajjandie distances between the J) and alpha pegasi, gave the 



16", and the longitude 109° 31' 34 



j-~, «ixu xu uisiances 

 latitude of the camp 32° 53' 

 October 28. " 



// 



Black 



One or two miles' ride, and we were clear of the 



dpn , ■'^^^"^a^ns, and again in the valley of the Gila, which wi- 

 eneci out gradually to the base of Mount Graham, abreast of which 

 fouifr!^^^^' ^^"^ost for the whole distance, twenty miles, were 



Tn«f Vr °^^^^'^^^ *^« remains of houses like those before described. 

 Just befpre reachinfr the 



smontl, ' reaching the base of Mount Graham, a wide valley, 

 trail. 1 ^5- ^^^^^' ^°™^^ ^" ^^^^ ^^^^ south-east. Up this valley are 

 the tr Tk ^ *° ^^^ Bernadino, Fronteras and Tucsoon. Here 

 ment^^ f ?' ^^ ^J" Cavallo comes in turning the southern abut- 

 Vithh- ^ ^^^^^ mountains, along which Capt. Cook is to come 



Iso 



IS wagons. 



lar-rl ^^^!xi'''^"^^^°^ of *^»s valley with the Gila are the ruins of a 

 '^rgc settlement. - - - 



Here also was.one circular enclosure of 400 yards. 



^inference. 



ffnlar"'!!'^ ^ave been for defence. In 



^ej^^ped indenture, which we supposed to be a^ well. 



hni,c, : ^*^^ S^^^ in it, attesting its antiquity. 



one segment was 



a tnan- 



arge 

 Most of the 



«f the f ^^ctangular, varying from 20 to 100 fe^t front; many were 



lorm of the present Spanish houses, thus: 



