f 



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Ex. Doc. No. 41. 71 



looking, and infinitely b'etter conditionecl^ than ttose we met yes- 

 terdayj resembling strongly the Apaches of the copper mineS; and 

 like them decked in the plundered garb of , the Mexicans. 



The day passed, but no Indians came; treacherous themselves, 

 Ihey expect treacfhery in others. At everlasting w.ar with the rest 

 of mankind, they* kill at sight all who fall in their pojver- The 

 conduct of the Mexicans to them is equally bad, for they decoy 

 ?.ad kill the Apaches whenever they can. The former Governor of 

 Sonora employed a bold' and intrepid Irishman, named Kirker, to 



\ i&V A Jit ^ t ^ 



hunt the Apaches He had in his employment whites and Delaware 



Indians, and was allowed, besides a per diem, $100 per scalp,, and 

 $25 ior a prisoner. A story is also told of one Johnson, an Eng- 

 lishman, an Apache trader, who, allured by the reward, induced a 

 number of these people to come to his camp, and placed a barrel 

 of flour for them. to help themselves; when the crowd was thickest 

 of men, women, and children, he fired a six pounder amongst them 

 from a concealed place and killed great numbers. 



13 circum-meridian altitudes of beta aquarii, and 10 altitudes of 

 polaris give the' latitude of this camp 33^ 14' 29''. The longitude . 

 by 12 lunar distances E. and W. is 110^ 30' 24". 



J^ovemher 1. — No alternative seemed to offer but to pursue Car- 

 bon s old trail sixty miles over a rough country, without water, 

 and two, if not three days' journey. Under this, in their shattered 

 condition, our mules must sink. We followed the Gila river six or 

 •even miles, when it became necessary to leave it^ how long 

 'ft'as uncertain. Giving our animals, a bite of the luxurious grama 

 on the river banks, we filled every vessel capable of holding water, 

 ^nd commenced' the Jornada. The ascent was very rapid, the hills 

 steep, ^and the footing insecure. After travelling five or six miles, 



und trails from various directions con- 



ently leading to a village or a spring; it 



proved to be the last. The spring consisted of a few deep holes, filled 



^vith delicious water., overgrown with cotton wood; and, although 



ed to halt for the night, as the 

 was doubtful when we should 

 ^^^t with water again. I took advantage of the early halt to as- 

 ^endj ^^jj |.|^^ barometer, a very high peak overhanging the camp, 

 "^hich I took to be the loftiest in the Pinon Lano range on the north 

 s^de of the Gila. 



Its approximate height was only 5,724 feet above the sea. The 



^ew was very extensive; rugged mountains bounded the entire 



*^ri2on. Very far to the northeast was a chain of mountains 



<^overed with snow, but I could not decide whether it was the range 



on the east side of the Del Norte or the Sierras Mimbres. Near the 



op of this peak the mezcal grew in abundance, and with the stalk 



I one 25 feet long we erected a flag-staff." Here too we' found 



J^ge masses of the concrlomerate before described, apparently as 



ascending all the way, we fo 

 verging m front of us, eyidej 



"le grass was not good, we determin 

 howitzers were not yet up, and it 



J» It Kad been arrested m rolling from an impending height, but 



th 



/^ere was no point higher than this for many miles, and the inter- 

 vening ravines were deep. Lower dowB we found a large mass of 

 ^any thousand tons of the finer conglomerate, the shape of a trun- 



