Ex. Doc. No. 41. 415 



J 



APPENDIX No. 7. 



Wa 



Sir: I have the honor, at your request, to address you a brief 

 memoir on the subject of the district of country in Sonera, Mexico 

 which I passed over in November and December last, with a wajron 

 train, when I deviated, in search of a practicable route, from thp 



M 



When he turned otF from the Rio Grande, opposite the copner 

 -mines and the heads of the Gila river, I kept the river for thirtv 

 miles to the south, and making a southern bend, turned a^ain 

 towards the north, and struck his roufe (as surveyed by Mr Emorv' 

 -of your corps) just above the village of the Pimo and Maracona 

 Indians, an estimated distance of 444 miles. ^ 



Immediately below the point -of deviation, on the Rio Grande ' 

 the country bordering the river became sensibly flatter and les-' 

 broken. I left the river when in view of a point marked on thf^ 

 -common maps as " San Diego," and the distant view towards " El 

 -Paso" proved the country to be .unbroken and coranaratively level 



From, the high valley of the river I ascended to the table land 

 ot JVIexico, by an almost insensible slope over smooth prairie For 

 150 miles on this smooth level table land, which is studded with 

 isolated hills or mountains, I journeyed without any difficultv 

 passing over but three hills, in two cases, I know, in the 'third I 

 beheve, unnecessarily. I then, unexpectedly and suddenly, arrived " 

 at a great break off to a louver level of country, the de^cen to 



and rough mountains for fifteen miles. 



I 



was 



■ ^°""*^' however, that I had at that moment fallen into an 'old 

 wagon trail, which led, I was told, from Yanos. I was able to "ct 

 my wagons through, following a stream all the way, and descend- 

 ing in the 15 miles possibly a thousand feet. This was the head of 

 the Huaqui river, which empties into the California gulf I 

 told that this was called the Pass df Guadaloupe. - 



I then passed an unbroken country, about 80 miles, when I felT 

 upon the Jose Pedro nver, which empties into the Gila I ] 

 scended this without difficulty of ground about 80 miles In turn' 

 mg off there is an ascent to nearly level country of, perhans abovp 



.ndol • 4.?"' K*°''^'' of about 500 inhabitants with a fort 



t.;lf "A'"*"' ^^''' ^''*'"'" ^^ ^^^^ «^"^^ ^^<^oth ground, main- 

 ain ng the same general level. Tueson is in a rich and well cd- 



tivatecl valley, where there is also a dense forest of ma^uev 

 biom Tueson it is some "IS miles to the Gila. It is a level plain* 

 generally of clay, where my wagons and footmen (water bein^ 

 very scarce) passed at the rate of about 30 miles a dav 



