490 Ex. Doc. No. 41. 



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were, accoVdlng to Vanegasj^ seven stories High: and at Tagique 

 the houses were evidently several stories high. Add to this, that 

 at Quiviia there is yet to be seen the remains of aqueducts. Now, 

 I tnink it can be shown, that the people of Mexico^ and its imme- 

 diate vicinity built their houses several stories high, while the 

 other nations that the Spaniards saw did not build to a greater 

 heioht than one story. Solis says, the city of Iztacpalpa consisted 

 of houses two and three stories high. In the city of Mexico, he 

 mentions that the king's jester lodged in the second story of the 

 house that contained his zoological collections. He a'so states, 

 that there was a thick uall, reaching from a neighboring mountain, 

 wilh two open canals of stone and lime, of which one was always 

 in use whenever the other required cleaning. In another place,^ 

 '' there appeared on one side two or three rows of pipes, made of 

 trees hollowed, supported by an aqtieduct of lime and stone." On 

 the other hand, it is stated ^4hat the Indians of the coast ma<!e their 

 houses of stakes, interwoven with boughs and leaves, having in 

 many places no other houses.'' 



The present ruins of buildings that we find at Abio, Quarra, and 

 Quivira, were erected by Indians under the direction of the Span- 

 ish priest; we find such men as father Kino, who settled among the _ 

 Indians, urged by a zeal for the cause of the holy qfoss; and they 

 soon obtained sogreat an influence over the Indians as to be enableci 

 to erect '^ houses, chapels, to form villages and towns." Vanegas 

 mcntion^a holy man, named Juan Padellas, who went to Quivira, 

 shortly after the visit of Francisco Coronado. The soldiery never 

 staid long in any of the Indian villages, they w^ere more inclined to 

 search for gold than desirous of instructing* the natives in archi- 

 tecture, by erecting houses; or in architecture and religion, by tha 

 erection of chapels in which they worshiped. 



In the history of Clavegero, one will find many things which tend 



to prove the most striking similarity between the ancient races that 



dwelt ia New Mexico, and the tribes which people the region Oi 



Anahuac. Clavegero says, they "constructed, in their pilgrimage, 



mary edifices in those places where they stopped for some years. 



Some rtimains are still existing, as we have already mentioned, 



upon the banks of the Rio Gila, in Pimeria,' and near the city ot 



Zi.catecas." In another place, speaking of the emigratioii oi the 



Aztec?, he says, '' having passed the Red River, (Rio Colorado,) 



from beyond latitude 35*^, they proceeded towards the southeast as 



far as the Rio Gila, where ihcy stopped for some time; for at present 



there are still remains to be setn of the great edifices built by them, 



on the borders of that river. From t ence, having resumed theiS 



couise towards south-southeast, they stopped ip about 29"^ of north 



latitude, at a plaCe which is more than 200 miles distant from the 



city of Chihuahua^ towards north-northwest. This place is known 



by the name of Case grandly on account of an immense edifice still 



existing; which, agreeably to the universal tradition of these people 



I 



was built by the Mf-xicans in their perigrinations. This edifice is 

 •constructed on the plan of those of JTcw Mexico; that is, consisting 

 of three floors, with a terrace above them, and without any en- 



