560 ' Ex. Doc. No. 41. 



light. At San Philippi I met one of my express men, who had re- 

 turned, according to instructionSj to guide me. Though direct from 

 San Diego, he brought neither orders nor neA¥S. I encamped that 

 night near the summit of the beautiful pass, overlooking the valley, 

 of Agua Calienta. On the 21st day of January, I arrived and en- 



caippeil at W 



promised, in my letter of December 27, 



as it happened, I had 



This was seven miles off the road to San Diego; but I had re- 

 solved, the night before, to march for the Pueblo de los Angeles, 

 where the enemy had concentrated, unless I met orders or fresh 

 information. That which I had, placed your forces^approaching it 

 on the south, and Lieutenant Colonel Fremont's from the north. 

 ThuSjT should advance from the east, and from the only pass lead- 

 ing to Sonera. I halted at Warner's the 22d3 to rest and refresh 

 my men, before commencing, as I hoped, active operations. The 

 day was required, in fact, to obtain beef cattle, and to collect the 

 new mules, many of which had escaped to their wonted pastures in 

 that vicinity. 



, On the 23d5 I marched 18 miles, on the road to Pueblo. That 

 night we were exposed to a drenching rain, and a wind storm, which 

 prostrated every tent. The storm continued the next day; T, how- 

 ever, marched, over a very bad road, three or four miles, to more 

 sheltered ground, and better grass for the animals. (A mountain 

 torrent in front would have fojbidden further progress.) 



On the SSth, I marched into the Temecala valley, and encamped 

 lour days' march from Pueblo. There I received a letter, written 

 by your orders, which had followed me by Warner's, From this 

 letter I could infer that hostilities were suspended, and that I was 

 expected at San Diego. Accordingly, next morning, I left the val- 

 ley, by a very difficult outlet, and, descending into that of the San 

 Luis, fell into the road leading from Pueblo de los Angeles. 



At San Luis Rey I received your instructions, by express, 

 to march to San Diego mission, and there take post. I arrived 

 there, by a very bad cross-road, on the 29th of January, and the 

 same evening reported to you, in person, at San Diego. 

 , This march from Santa Fe has extended, by my daily estimate, 

 to 1,125 miles. It has been made in one hundred and two days, in 

 fourteen of which no march was madej so that the marching days 

 average slightly less than thirteen miles. The rest days have 

 been very nearly one in seven. It is believed, by many who have 

 experience, that the weekly day of rest is advisable on a long 

 march, even for speed. In looking back, I find that the half of 

 mine were unavoidable detentions- I made, also, some twelve 

 marches of less than nine miles, in consequence of extraordinary 

 bad road, or the delays of road making, over difficult ground; and 

 also the necessity, at times, of accommodating the marches and - 

 c^mps to inconvenient watering places. 



If I had continued on the most direct route to San Diego, the 

 distance would have been rather under 1100 miles, (about 1800 

 miles from Independence, Missouri, by Santa Fe^) 



The constant tenor of your letters of instruction made it almost 





