574 



Ex, Doc. No. 41. 



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It 



teft ^'hen the hill it stood upon washed away 

 resembled a house, at a distance, very much. From 

 one of the hills, we could see the mountain of Albu- 

 querque, 150 miles distant. We marched to-day 

 about 18 miles, and crossed the river at a good ford, 

 into a remarkable bend, southwest of the Jornada mountain; wagons 

 arrived about 5, p. m,; having gone about llj miles, a number of 

 mules gave out in the teams to-day, indicating that our rate of 

 travel must be very slow to reach California with wagons. Upon 

 due consultation, the general determined to remain in camp, and 

 send to Major Sumner for mules to take back the wagons and other 

 pro'^perty which we could not need in packing, and resort at once to 

 packing as a means of transportation. This he resolved upon, 

 knowing what he had passed over; and, upon the report of Carson,. 

 who represents the country as worse rather than better in front. 



, Le 



he 



aving, then, to Captain Cooke the task of opening a wagon road, 

 determined as ^bove. A Mexican, Tones, and Corporal Clapin 



were despatched at midnight, and ordered to ride to Major Sumner 



"before stopping — 60 miles. 



Sketch of^Jornada mountain. 



1, Volcanic. 



2. Sediment^ry- 



3. Volcanic. 



4. Chalky. . 



4 



Oc^ofter 10.— Frost and ice in the morning; remained in campj 

 Santiago Ortz and another New Mexican came into camp with mul^ 

 for sale, which they said they got from the Apaches in trading; as 

 this is contrary to the laws of the territory, the general confiscated 

 all the mules they ^aid they had gotten frora^the Apaches, and sent 

 them off. They said they knew it was contrary to law, and were 

 willing to submit; the general gave them a paper stating what he 

 had done, and the reasons for it; they then asked for license to 

 trade with the Apaches, which was granted them; they asked leave^ 

 to withdraw, and departed.^ Grass at camp not good, 



October 11. — Ice and frost; the water of the river getting cold; 

 the water is reddish, and does not settle as soon as that of the Mis- 

 sourl; visited a locality of rock resembling that of chalk in appear- 

 ance, about two miles east of camp; it outloops at the base of the 

 Jornada mountain, with a difference of ten degrees east under the 

 mountain; it rests upon coarse sandstone, or rotten conglomerate, 

 and underlies the stratified masses Oi the Jornada; a deep wash in 

 the hill is walled with this white rock as an amphitheatre; it is in 

 a full state so highly charged with lime, that, in times past, water 

 has formed large masses of tafa in the crevices of the same rock 

 and the adjacent ones in front of it; next the river, is a large mass 

 of protracted black basalt; on the top of the higher hills, a mile 





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