584 



Ex, Doc. No, 4lJ* 



gave this country a foririj some mephistic substance was produced 



*'■' * the soil for vegetation 



in quantities to poison 



This creosote 



plant shows something; and a shower of rain which fell upon us,^ 



although very slight, made the atmosphere smell of some vile gas. 



Opposite our journey, the Black and Blue rivers come on the north- 



* "^ 



e'astwardty ; the Black courses south, with a branch in the moun- 

 tains called Bonita; the course of the Blue southeast: they head 

 in the mountains nprth of the Glta, and may be 60 miles long; they 

 come into the Gila about six and a half miles apart. Near our camp 

 a small stream called theSt. Charles comes in^*^all three of these 

 streams flow through canons. The diluvion here is very thick, 

 and of a rocky nature, which, with the basalt, make the walls of 

 the canon vertical. Near our camp are old horse signs and trails, 



and old Indian wigwams of willows about 5 feet 

 high, and covered with willows and grass. 



Near 

 where we left the Gila to-day wa& the ruins of two 

 ancient houses, shown only by the foundation stones and the pieces^ 

 of pottery/ If I only had one of the young ones that had been box- 

 ed on the ears for some of the breakages! 



* 



^ 



October 21. — Laid in camp on-account of the fatigue of .yesterday 

 to the animals, and to get up the howitzers; near camp is an old 

 ruin; the foundation of the building is as those given above; some 



mi 



4 



quantities of broken pieces of pottery were lying about it; I got 



two m^n and some spades, and dug about it, in hopes, of finding 



something, but found nothing but pottery; it appeared to be very 

 ancient. 



Ostober 28.— Marched at a quarter before 8; after coming two or 

 three miles, we found the remains of an old settlement, the founda- 

 tions of the houses covering a larger space than those before seen, 

 cut the plan of the houses only to be discovered by the rows of 

 round stones; abundance of pottery; the place was overgrown with 

 mesquite arid chimezo; the rooms from 12 to 20 feet in dimensions; 

 about S miles from camp, were other houses, the rooms of which 



