594 Ex. Doc. No. 41. 



) 



the quail, and a small bird resembl/ng the ortolan, the butterfly 



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the animate abjects we saw* 



Some Apaches from the neighboring mountains came to a tall top 

 and hailed the column, and Captain Moore Succeeded in getting 

 them to camp; they could talk but Htlle Spanish, and appear to 

 have a vernacular different from those we have seen before; they 

 dress partly in Spanish costume. One of them told me the hole in 

 the point of the toe of their moccasins was to let out water; they 

 encamped with tis,not forgetting to beg tobacco. Our road to-day 

 was strewn with pottery as usual, wherever the ground looked as 

 if it could be irrigated. The pottery was mostly plain red earth; 

 occasionally a piece was seen black and white, similar to those on 



the San Pedro ; I could see no foundations or any 

 other (Tertain traces of houses. Our road was an old 

 Indian trail all day, and, from some point along here, 

 by striking to the San Francisco, the hills of 2d No- 

 vember and following, may be avoided; water may be 

 wanting; but these Apaches point to the hills on the 

 north side of the Gila as their; homes. The country 

 within six miles of the mouth ^of the San Pedro and 

 down the^Gila^to this point contains about 16 sections 

 of land, which, by irrigation, would produce well; the hills afford 



but a very scanty pasture. 



JTo 



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the gene- 



ral gave orders to start an h»ur later . to-day, that the men miglit 

 have time to dry their blanketsj as they are without tents, of course 

 they wer'e very wet.' Marched about 9, faking leave of our Apache 

 friends, who promise to bring mules to our camp to-night, to trade 

 for blankets, &c. Our route to-day led down the canon— a road 

 impassable, of course, in high water, as we" had to ford the Gila ' 

 so«e dozen times. The most of the way, the hills or mountains on 

 e*Gh side of the river were composexl of a beautiful granite, seamed 

 iriih basalt, (or trap dykes,) and seams of quartz; in places, too, 

 the granite contained layers of foreign matter, either caused by a 

 diflerent aggregation of particles, or actually a foreign stone, im- 

 bedded. Our direction was pretty near west j , as we progressed, we 

 came to the diluyion again, composed, as usual, of fragments of the 

 adjtieent rocks; m places, it was much upheaved; in others, it had 

 not hardened into stone, and rested as it was deposited; the caps^of 

 the hills near the west end of the canon, are of basalt, in some 

 places apparently resting upon beds of diluvion. We marched 

 frn^ ^l-^l 14 miies, and encamped at the last grass on the road 



tZ IV u^'?'''n?'y ''^^ "' ^^''^ ''' '^^^^^ this is very 

 ^cant and could not well be worse. We passed several places to- 

 la a^ nil? ?;Y°«^^^pt^s ^^^ for our animals as here; and there 



DOU.rvK r '^"^ ^^' ''^^"* ^'""^ ^'^^ ^^«^P' ^e found broken 

 fn t .^/ -^ none ornamented-all red. There is but little ground 



camti oTth'^^-^i^K^^i'^^^'i?'"/ ^^y^^-^^ by cultivation^ Our 

 culTaVhin "f ^'-^u^i- ?'^°'*'' ^' westward, is a high and pe- 



culiar hill, capped with basalt and with precipices; onNhe nortli 



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